UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
Amendment No. 1 to
FORM 10-K
x |
ANNUAL REPORT UNDER SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the fiscal year ended December
31, 2015
or
o |
TRANSITION REPORT UNDER SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the transition period from __________
to __________
Commission File Number 0-29185
QS ENERGY, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified
in its charter)
Nevada |
52-2088326 |
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) |
(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) |
735 State Street, Suite 500
Santa Barbara, California 93101
(Address, including zip code, of principal
executive offices)
(805)-845-3561
(Registrant’s telephone number,
including area code)
Save the World Air, Inc.
(Former name, former address and former
fiscal year, if changed since last report)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b)
of the Exchange Act: None.
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g)
of the Exchange Act: Common Stock, $0.001 par value.
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a
well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.
Yes o
No x
Indicate by check mark if the registrant
is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.
Yes o
No x
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant
(1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding
12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such
filing requirements for the past 90 days.
Yes x
No o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant
has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted
and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such
shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).
Yes x
No o
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent
filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K (§ 229.405 of this chapter) is not contained herein, and will not be contained,
to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III
of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. x
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant
is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions
of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2
of the Exchange Act
Large accelerated filer o |
Accelerated filer x |
Non-accelerated filer o |
Smaller reporting company o |
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant
is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act).
Yes o
No x
The aggregate market
value of the voting and non-voting common equity held by non-affiliates (excluding voting shares held by officers and directors)
as of June 30, 2015, was $61,579,449.
The number of shares
of the Registrant’s Common Stock outstanding as of March 4, 2016, was 186,251,577
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED
BY REFERENCE - None
Transitional Small Business Disclosure
Format (Check one)
Yes o
No x
EXPLANATORY NOTE
This Amendment No. 1 to the Annual Report on Form 10-K is being
filed solely to furnish the Interactive Data files as Exhibit 101, in accordance with Rule 405 of Regulation S-T. No other changes
have been made to the Form 10-K, as originally filed on March 15, 2016.
PART
IV
Item 15. Exhibits,
Financial Statement Schedules
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31.1* |
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Certification of Chief Executive Officer of Annual Report Pursuant to Rule 13(a)—15(e) or Rule 15(d)—15(e). |
31.2* |
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Certification of Chief Financial Officer of Annual Report Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350. |
32.1* |
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Certification of Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer of Annual Report pursuant to Rule 13(a)—15(e) or Rule 15(d)—15(e). |
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101.INS |
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XBRL Instance Document |
101.SCH |
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XBRL Schema Document |
101.CAL |
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XBRL Calculation Linkbase Document |
101.DEF |
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XBRL Definition Linkbase Document |
101.LAB |
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XBRL Label Linkbase Document |
101.PRE |
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XBRL Presentation Linkbase Document |
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* |
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Filed herewith. |
SIGNATURES
In accordance
with Section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act, the Registrant has caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned,
hereunto duly authorize.
|
QS Energy, Inc. |
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Date: March 15, 2016 |
By: |
/s/ Greggory Bigger |
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Greggory Bigger |
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Chief Executive Officer |
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POWER OF
ATTORNEY
KNOW ALL PERSONS BY THESE
PRESENTS, that each person whose signature appears below constitutes and appoints Greggory Bigger as his or her true and lawful
attorneys-in-fact and agents, with full power of substitution and re-substitution, for him or her and in his or her name, place
and stead, in any and all capacities, to sign any and all amendments to this Annual Report on Form 10-K, and to file the same,
with all exhibits thereto, and other documents in connection therewith, with the Securities and Exchange Commission, granting unto
said attorneys-in-fact and agents, and each of them, full power and authority to do and perform each and every act and thing requisite
and necessary to be done in connection therewith, as fully to all intents and purposes as he or she might or could do in person,
hereby ratifying and confirming all that said attorneys-in-fact and agents, or any of them, or their or his or her substitute or
substitutes, may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.
Pursuant to the requirements
of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and
in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
NAME |
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TITLE |
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DATE |
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/s/ Greggory Bigger |
|
Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the Board of Directors |
|
March 15, 2016 |
Greggory Bigger |
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/s/ Charles R. Blum |
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Director |
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March 15, 2016 |
Charles R. Blum |
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/s/ Donald Dickson |
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Director |
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March 15, 2016 |
Donald Dickson |
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/s/ Nathan Shelton |
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Director |
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March 15, 2016 |
Nathan Shelton |
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/s/ Mark Stubbs |
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Director |
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March 15, 2016 |
Mark Stubbs |
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/s/ Thomas Bundros |
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Director |
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March 15, 2016 |
Thomas Bundros |
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Exhibit 31.1
CERTIFICATION OF
CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER
PURSUANT TO SECTION
302 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002
AND RULES 13A-14
AND 15D-14 UNDER THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
I, Greggory Bigger,
certify that:
1. I
have reviewed this 10-K/A Report of QS Energy, Inc.;
2. Based
on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary
to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to
the period covered by this report;
3. Based
on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material
respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented
in this report;
4. The
registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures
(as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) and internal control over financial reporting) as defined in Exchange
Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) for the registrant and have:
(a) Designed
such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision,
to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its condensed consolidated subsidiaries, is made known
to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;
(b)
Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed
under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of
financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;
(c) Evaluated
the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about
the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation;
and
(d) Disclosed
in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s
most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected,
or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and
5. The
registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over
financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or
persons performing the equivalent functions):
(a) All
significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which
are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information;
and
(b) Any
fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s
internal control over financial reporting.
|
|
|
Date: March 15, 2016 |
/s/ GREGGORY BIGGER |
|
|
Greggory Bigger |
|
|
Chief Executive Officer |
|
Exhibit 31.2
CERTIFICATION OF
CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER
PURSUANT TO SECTION
302 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002
AND RULES 13A-14
AND 15D-14 UNDER THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
I, Greggory Bigger,
certify that:
1. I
have reviewed this 10-K/A Report of QS Energy, Inc.;
2. Based
on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary
to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to
the period covered by this report;
3. Based
on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material
respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented
in this report;
4. The
registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures
(as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) and internal control over financial reporting) as defined in Exchange
Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) for the registrant and have:
(a) Designed
such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision,
to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its condensed consolidated subsidiaries, is made known
to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;
(b)
Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed
under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of
financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;
(c)
Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our
conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this
report based on such evaluation; and
(d) Disclosed
in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s
most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected,
or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and
5. The
registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over
financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or
persons performing the equivalent functions):
(a) All
significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which
are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information;
and
(b) Any
fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s
internal control over financial reporting.
|
|
|
Date: March 15, 2016 |
/s/ GREGGORY BIGGER |
|
|
Greggory Bigger |
|
|
Chief Financial Officer |
|
Exhibit 32
CERTIFICATION OF
PERIODIC FINANCIAL REPORT BY THE CHIEF EXECUTIVE
OFFICER AND CHIEF
FINANCIAL OFFICER
PURSUANT TO SECTION
906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002
Solely
for the purposes of complying with 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley
Act of 2002, we, the undersigned Acting Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer of QS Energy, Inc. (the
“Company”), hereby certify, based on our knowledge, that the Annual Report on Form 10-K of the Company for the
year ended December 31, 2015 (the “Report”) fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and that the information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects,
the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.
Date: March 15, 2016 |
/s/ GREGGORY BIGGER |
|
|
Greggory Bigger |
|
|
Chief Executive Officer |
|
|
|
|
|
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Date: March 15, 2016 |
/s/ GREGGORY BIGGER |
|
|
Greggory Bigger |
|
|
Chief Financial Officer |
|
v3.3.1.900
Document and Entity Information - USD ($)
|
12 Months Ended |
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|
Dec. 31, 2015 |
Mar. 04, 2016 |
Jun. 30, 2015 |
Document And Entity Information |
|
|
|
Entity Registrant Name |
QS ENERGY, INC.
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|
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Entity Central Index Key |
0001103795
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|
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Document Type |
10-K
|
|
|
Document Period End Date |
Dec. 31, 2015
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|
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Amendment Flag |
false
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Current Fiscal Year End Date |
--12-31
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|
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Is Entity a Well-known Seasoned Issuer? |
No
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|
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Is Entity a Voluntary Filer? |
No
|
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Is Entity's Reporting Status Current? |
Yes
|
|
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Entity Filer Category |
Accelerated Filer
|
|
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Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding |
|
186,251,577
|
|
Document Fiscal Period Focus |
FY
|
|
|
Document Fiscal Year Focus |
2015
|
|
|
Entity Public Float |
|
|
$ 61,579,449
|
X |
- DefinitionIf the value is true, then the document is an amendment to previously-filed/accepted document.
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v3.3.1.900
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS - USD ($)
|
Dec. 31, 2015 |
Dec. 31, 2014 |
Current assets: |
|
|
Cash |
$ 349,186
|
$ 2,247,557
|
Prepaid expenses and other current assets |
50,596
|
72,225
|
Total current assets |
399,782
|
2,319,782
|
Property and Equipment, net of accumulated depreciation of $60,242 and $47,180 at December 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014, respectively |
21,798
|
21,946
|
Other assets |
6,480
|
5,830
|
Total assets |
428,060
|
2,347,558
|
Current liabilities: |
|
|
Accounts payable-license agreements |
590,001
|
405,313
|
Accounts payable and accrued expenses |
207,334
|
175,228
|
Accrued expenses and accounts payable-related parties |
190,750
|
259,507
|
Convertible debentures, net of discounts of $100,833 and $105,542 at December 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014, respectively |
222,195
|
139,098
|
Total current liabilities |
$ 1,210,280
|
$ 979,146
|
Commitments and contingencies |
|
|
Stockholder's equity (deficiency) |
|
|
Common stock, $.001 par value: 300,000,000 shares authorized 183,831,577 and 181,028,244 shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014, respectively |
$ 183,832
|
$ 181,028
|
Additional paid-in capital |
100,308,100
|
98,232,582
|
Accumulated deficit |
(101,274,152)
|
(97,045,198)
|
Total stockholders' equity (deficiency) |
(782,220)
|
1,368,412
|
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity |
$ 428,060
|
$ 2,347,558
|
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v3.3.1.900
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (Parenthetical) - USD ($)
|
Dec. 31, 2015 |
Dec. 31, 2014 |
Statement of Financial Position [Abstract] |
|
|
Accumulated depreciation |
$ 60,242
|
$ 47,180
|
Discounts on convertible debentures |
$ 100,833
|
$ 105,542
|
Common stock, par value |
$ .001
|
$ 0.001
|
Common stock, shares authorized |
300,000,000
|
300,000,000
|
Common stock, shares issued |
183,831,577
|
181,028,244
|
Common stock, shares outstanding |
183,831,577
|
181,028,244
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X |
- DefinitionAmount of accumulated depreciation, depletion and amortization for physical assets used in the normal conduct of business to produce goods and services.
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v3.3.1.900
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS - USD ($)
|
12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2015 |
Dec. 31, 2014 |
Dec. 31, 2013 |
Income Statement [Abstract] |
|
|
|
Revenues |
$ 0
|
$ 240,000
|
$ 0
|
Costs and Expenses |
|
|
|
Operating expenses |
2,915,369
|
3,284,666
|
11,884,775
|
Research and development expenses |
577,501
|
893,452
|
2,011,486
|
Loss before other income (expense) |
(3,492,870)
|
(3,938,118)
|
(13,896,261)
|
Other income (expense) |
|
|
|
Other income (loss) |
11,258
|
(28,598)
|
(23,549)
|
Interest and financing expense |
(747,342)
|
(39,619)
|
(260)
|
Change in fair value of derivative liabilities |
0
|
0
|
(220,614)
|
Gain on extinguishment of derivative liabilities |
0
|
0
|
3,441,752
|
Gain on disposition of equipment |
0
|
0
|
41,923
|
Net loss |
$ (4,228,954)
|
$ (4,006,335)
|
$ (10,657,009)
|
Net loss per common share, basic and diluted |
$ (.02)
|
$ (0.02)
|
$ (0.07)
|
Weighted average common shares outstanding, basic and diluted |
182,267,719
|
180,386,712
|
160,958,284
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v3.3.1.900
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY (DEFICIENCY) - USD ($)
|
Common Stock [Member] |
Additional Paid-in Capital [Member] |
Deficit Accumulated [Member] |
Total |
Beginning balance, shares at Dec. 31, 2012 |
143,667,570
|
|
|
|
Beginning balance, value at Dec. 31, 2012 |
$ 143,668
|
$ 79,340,666
|
$ (82,381,854)
|
$ (2,897,520)
|
Common stock issued upon exercise of warrants and options, shares issued |
29,152,389
|
|
|
|
Common stock issued upon exercise of warrants and options, amount |
$ 29,152
|
8,448,066
|
0
|
8,477,218
|
Common stock issued for services, shares issued |
50,000
|
|
|
|
Common stock issued for services, value |
$ 50
|
48,950
|
0
|
49,000
|
Common stock issued to employees and directors as compensation, shares issued |
325,455
|
|
|
|
Common stock issued to employees and directors as compensation, value |
$ 325
|
369,788
|
0
|
370,113
|
Common stock issued as settlement, shares issued |
3,047,403
|
|
|
|
Common stock issued as settlement, value |
$ 3,048
|
3,105,299
|
0
|
3,108,347
|
Common stock issued on conversion of notes payable, value |
|
|
|
0
|
Fair value of warrants and beneficial conversion feature of issued convertible notes |
|
|
|
0
|
Fair value of options and warrants issued as compensation |
0
|
4,495,545
|
0
|
4,495,545
|
Fair value of warrants issued to settle payables |
0
|
129,622
|
0
|
129,622
|
Net loss |
$ 0
|
0
|
(10,657,009)
|
(10,657,009)
|
Ending balance, shares at Dec. 31, 2013 |
176,242,817
|
|
|
|
Ending balance, value at Dec. 31, 2013 |
$ 176,243
|
95,937,936
|
(93,038,863)
|
3,075,316
|
Common stock issued upon exercise of warrants and options, shares issued |
4,710,947
|
|
|
|
Common stock issued upon exercise of warrants and options, amount |
$ 4,711
|
1,408,573
|
0
|
1,413,284
|
Common stock issued as settlement, value |
|
|
|
0
|
Common stock issued on conversion of notes payable, shares issued |
74,480
|
|
|
|
Common stock issued on conversion of notes payable, value |
$ 74
|
35,676
|
0
|
35,750
|
Fair value of warrants and beneficial conversion feature of issued convertible notes |
0
|
119,671
|
0
|
119,671
|
Fair value of options and warrants issued as compensation |
0
|
730,726
|
0
|
730,726
|
Net loss |
$ 0
|
0
|
(4,006,335)
|
(4,006,335)
|
Ending balance, shares at Dec. 31, 2014 |
181,028,244
|
|
|
|
Ending balance, value at Dec. 31, 2014 |
$ 181,028
|
98,232,582
|
(97,045,198)
|
1,368,412
|
Common stock issued upon exercise of warrants, shares issued |
200,000
|
|
|
|
Common stock issued upon exercise of warrants, amount |
$ 200
|
49,800
|
|
50,000
|
Common stock issued as settlement, value |
|
|
|
0
|
Common stock issued on conversion of notes payable, shares issued |
2,603,333
|
|
|
|
Common stock issued on conversion of notes payable, value |
$ 2,604
|
666,196
|
0
|
668,800
|
Fair value of warrants and beneficial conversion feature of issued convertible notes |
0
|
630,945
|
0
|
630,945
|
Fair value of options and warrants issued as compensation |
0
|
728,577
|
0
|
728,577
|
Net loss |
$ 0
|
0
|
(4,228,954)
|
(4,228,954)
|
Ending balance, shares at Dec. 31, 2015 |
18,331,577
|
|
|
|
Ending balance, value at Dec. 31, 2015 |
$ 183,832
|
$ 100,308,100
|
$ (101,274,152)
|
$ (782,220)
|
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v3.3.1.900
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS - USD ($)
|
12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2015 |
Dec. 31, 2014 |
Dec. 31, 2013 |
Cash flows from operating activities |
|
|
|
Net Loss |
$ (4,228,954)
|
$ (4,006,335)
|
$ (10,657,009)
|
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities: |
|
|
|
Settlement of litigation and debt |
0
|
0
|
(346)
|
Share based compensation expense |
728,577
|
730,726
|
4,865,658
|
Issuance of common stock for services |
0
|
0
|
49,000
|
Issuance of common stock as settlement |
0
|
0
|
3,108,347
|
Interest added to convertible notes |
21,188
|
0
|
0
|
Amortization of debt discounts |
701,654
|
39,619
|
0
|
Change in fair value of derivative liabilities |
0
|
0
|
220,614
|
Gain on extinguishment of derivative liabilities |
0
|
0
|
(3,441,752)
|
Gain on disposition of assets |
0
|
0
|
(41,923)
|
Depreciation and amortization |
13,062
|
13,825
|
15,399
|
Changes in operating assets and liabilities: |
|
|
|
Prepaid expenses and other current assets |
21,629
|
(15,295)
|
10,202
|
Other assets |
(650)
|
0
|
4,500
|
Accounts payable and accrued expenses |
32,106
|
(107,577)
|
(43,408)
|
Accounts payable - license agreements |
184,688
|
219,863
|
(130,400)
|
Accounts payable and accrued expenses - related parties |
(68,757)
|
(402,521)
|
128,750
|
Net cash used in operating activities |
(2,595,457)
|
(3,527,695)
|
(5,912,368)
|
Cash flows from investing activities |
|
|
|
Purchase of equipment |
(12,914)
|
0
|
(7,573)
|
Proceeds from sale of equipment |
0
|
0
|
27,000
|
Net cash provided by (used) in investing activities |
(12,914)
|
0
|
19,427
|
Cash flows from financing activities |
|
|
|
Net proceeds from issuance of convertible notes and warrants |
660,000
|
254,900
|
0
|
Net proceeds from exercise of warrants and options |
50,000
|
1,383,284
|
8,428,218
|
Net cash provided by financing activities |
710,000
|
1,638,184
|
8,428,218
|
Net decrease in cash |
(1,898,371)
|
(1,889,511)
|
2,535,277
|
Cash, beginning of period |
2,247,557
|
4,137,068
|
1,601,791
|
Cash, end of period |
349,186
|
2,247,557
|
4,137,068
|
Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information |
|
|
|
Cash paid during the year for: Interest |
0
|
0
|
260
|
Cash paid during the year for: Income taxes |
0
|
0
|
0
|
Non-cash investing and financing activities |
|
|
|
Conversion of convertible debentures to common stock |
668,800
|
35,750
|
0
|
Exercise of options and warrants applied to accounts payable |
0
|
0
|
49,000
|
Fair value of warrants issued to settle payables |
$ 0
|
$ 30,000
|
$ 129,622
|
Receivable from sale of equipment |
0
|
0
|
27,000
|
Fair value of warrants and beneficial conversion feature associated with issued convertible notes |
$ 630,945
|
$ 119,671
|
$ 0
|
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v3.3.1.900
1. Description of Business
|
12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2015 |
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract] |
|
Description of Business |
Description
of Business
QS
Energy, Inc. (QS Energy, Company) (formerly known as Save the World Air, Inc.) was incorporated on
February 18, 1998, as a Nevada Corporation under the name Mandalay Capital Corporation. The Company changed its name to Save the
World Air, Inc. on February 11, 1999. Effective August 11, 2015, the Company changed its name to QS Energy, Inc. The name change
was effected through a short-form merger pursuant to Section 92A.180 of the Nevada Revised Statutes. Additionally, QS Energy Pool,
Inc., a California corporation, was formed as a wholly-owned subsidiaries of the Company on July 6, 2015 to serve as a vehicle
for the Company to explore, review and consider acquisition opportunities. The Companys common stock is quoted under the
symbol QSEP on the Over-the-Counter Bulletin Board. More information including the Companys fact sheet, logos
and media articles are available at our corporate website, www.qsenergy.com.
QS
Energy, Inc. develops and commercializes energy efficiency technologies that assist in meeting increasing global energy demands,
improving the economics of oil extraction and transport, and reducing greenhouse gas emissions. The Company's intellectual property
portfolio includes 47 domestic and international patents and patents pending, a substantial portion of which have been developed
in conjunction with and exclusively licensed from Temple University of Philadelphia, PA (Temple). QS Energy's
primary technology is called Applied Oil Technology (AOT), a commercial-grade crude oil pipeline transportation
flow-assurance product. AOT has been proven in U.S. Department of Energy tests to increase the energy efficiency of oil
pipeline pump stations. The AOT product has transitioned from the research and development stage to initial commercial production
for the midstream pipeline marketplace.
In
2014, the Company began commercial development of a suite of products based around the Joule Heat technology. The Company
began fabrication of prototype equipment to be operated under a joint development agreement with a commercial entity in the
fourth quarter of 2014. The Companys first Joule Heat prototype was installed for testing purposes at the Newfield
facility in June 2015 and the system is operational; however, changes to the prototype configuration will be required to
determine commercial effectiveness of this unit. In addition, the Company filed two additional provisional patents related to
the technologys method and apparatus. The first of the two provisional patents was finalized and submitted to
non-provisional status on April 29, 2014. The second of the two provisional patents was finalized and submitted to
non-provisional status at the end of the third quarter of 2014. In December 2015, we temporarily suspended Joule Heat and AOT
Upstream development activities to focus Company resources on finalizing commercial development of the AOT Midstream. We currently plan to resume Joule Heat and AOT
Upstream development in the fourth quarter of 2016 depending on the availability of sufficient capital and other
resources.
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v3.3.1.900
2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
|
12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2015 |
Accounting Policies [Abstract] |
|
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies |
Consolidation
Policy
The
accompanying consolidated financial statements of QS Energy Inc. include the accounts of QS Energy Inc. (the Parent) and its wholly
owned subsidiaries, QS Energy Pool, Inc. and STWA Asia Pte. Limited. Intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated
in consolidation.
Going
Concern
The
accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared on a going concern basis, which contemplates the realization
of assets and the settlement of liabilities and commitments in the normal course of business. As reflected in the accompanying
consolidated financial statements, during the year ended December 31, 2015, the Company incurred a net loss of $4,228,954, used
cash in operations of $2,595,457 and had a stockholders deficiency of $782,220 as of that date. These factors
raise substantial doubt about the Companys ability to continue as a going concern. The ability of the Company to continue
as a going concern is dependent upon the Companys ability to raise additional funds and implement its business plan. The
financial statements do not include any adjustments that might be necessary if the Company is unable to continue as a going concern.
At
December 31, 2015, the Company had cash on hand in the amount of $349,186. Management estimates that the current funds on hand
will be sufficient to continue operations through May 2016. Management is currently seeking additional funds, primarily through
the issuance of debt and equity securities for cash to operate our business, including without limitation the expenses it will
incur in connection with the license and research and development agreements with Temple; costs associated with product development
and commercialization of the AOT and Joule Heat technologies; costs to manufacture and ship the products; costs to design and
implement an effective system of internal controls and disclosure controls and procedures; costs of maintaining our status as
a public company by filing periodic reports with the SEC and costs required to protect our intellectual property. In addition,
as discussed below, the Company has substantial contractual commitments, including without limitation salaries to our executive
officers pursuant to employment agreements, certain payments to a former officer and consulting fees, during the remainder of
2016 and beyond.
No
assurance can be given that any future financing will be available or, if available, that it will be on terms that are satisfactory
to the Company. Even if the Company is able to obtain additional financing, it may contain undue restrictions on our operations,
in the case of debt financing or cause substantial dilution for our stock holders, in case or equity financing.
Revenue
Recognition Policy
The
Company recognizes lease revenue upon commencement of the lease. Revenue on future product sales will be recognized upon meeting
the following criteria: persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists; delivery has occurred or services rendered; the seller's
price to the buyer is fixed or determinable; and collectability is reasonably assured.
Property
and Equipment and Depreciation
Property
and equipment are stated at cost. Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method based on the estimated useful lives
of the assets, generally ranging from three to ten years. Expenditures for major renewals and improvements that extend the useful
lives of property and equipment are capitalized. Expenditures for repairs and maintenance are charged to expense as incurred.
Leasehold improvements are amortized using the straight-line method over the shorter of the estimated useful life of the asset
or the lease term.
Impairment
of Long-lived Assets
Our
long-lived assets, such as property and equipment, are reviewed for impairment at least annually, or when events and circumstances
indicate that depreciable or amortizable long lived assets might be impaired and the undiscounted cash flows estimated to be generated
by those assets are less than the carrying amount of those assets. When specific assets are determined to be unrecoverable, the
cost basis of the asset is reduced to reflect the current value.
We
use various assumptions in determining the current fair value of these assets, including future expected cash flows and discount
rates, as well as other fair value measures. Our impairment loss calculations require us to apply judgment in estimating future
cash flows, including forecasting useful lives of the assets and selecting the discount rate that reflects the risk inherent in
future cash flows.
If
actual results are not consistent with our assumptions and judgments used in estimating future cash flows and asset fair values,
we may be exposed to future impairment losses that could be material to our results. Based upon managements
annual review, no impairments were recorded for the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013.
Loss
per Share
Basic
loss per share is computed by dividing net loss available to common stockholders by the weighted average number of common shares
outstanding during the period. Diluted loss per share reflects the potential dilution, using the treasury stock method that could
occur if securities or other contracts to issue common stock were exercised or converted into common stock or resulted in the
issuance of common stock that then shared in the loss of the Company. In computing diluted loss per share, the treasury stock
method assumes that outstanding options and warrants are exercised and the proceeds are used to purchase common stock at the average
market price during the period. Options and warrants may have a dilutive effect under the treasury stock method only when the
average market price of the common stock during the period exceeds the exercise price of the options and warrants.
For
the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013, the dilutive impact of outstanding stock options of 21,535,148, 21,052,030
and 20,309,908; outstanding warrants of 4,411,667, 5,692,087 and 11,763,966; and notes convertible into 509,667, -0- and -0- shares
of our common stock, respectively, have been excluded because their impact on the loss per share is anti-dilutive.
Income
Taxes
Income
taxes are recognized for the amount of taxes payable or refundable for the current year and deferred tax liabilities and assets
are recognized for the future tax consequences of transactions that have been recognized in the Companys consolidated financial
statements or tax returns. A valuation allowance is provided when it is more likely than not that some portion or entire deferred
tax asset will not be realized.
Stock-Based
Compensation
The
Company periodically issues stock options and warrants to employees and non-employees in non-capital raising transactions for
services and for financing costs. The Company accounts for stock option and warrant grants issued and vesting to employees based
on the authoritative guidance provided by the Financial Accounting Standards Board whereas the value of the award is measured
on the date of grant and recognized over the vesting period. The Company accounts for stock option and warrant grants issued and
vesting to non-employees in accordance with the authoritative guidance of the Financial Accounting Standards Board whereas the
value of the stock compensation is based upon the measurement date as determined at either a) the date at which a performance
commitment is reached, or b) at the date at which the necessary performance to earn the equity instruments is complete. Non-employee
stock-based compensation charges generally are amortized over the vesting period on a straight-line basis. In certain circumstances
where there are no future performance requirements by the non-employee, option grants are immediately vested and the total stock-based
compensation charge is recorded in the period of the measurement date.
The
fair value of the Company's stock options and warrants grant is estimated using the Black-Scholes Option Pricing model, which
uses certain assumptions related to risk-free interest rates, expected volatility, expected life of the stock options or warrants,
and future dividends. Compensation expense is recorded based upon the value derived from the Black-Scholes Option Pricing model,
and based on actual experience. The assumptions used in the Black-Scholes Option Pricing model could materially affect compensation
expense recorded in future periods.
Estimates
The
preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates
and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities
at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Significant
estimates include those related to assumptions used in valuing equity instruments and derivative liabilities. Actual results could
differ from those estimates.
Fair
Value of Financial Instruments
Effective
January 1, 2008, fair value measurements are determined by the Company's adoption of authoritative guidance issued by the FASB,
with the exception of the application of the statement to non-recurring, non-financial assets and liabilities as permitted. The
adoption of the authoritative guidance did not have a material impact on the Company's fair value measurements. Fair
value is defined in the authoritative guidance as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability
in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants
at the measurement date. A fair value hierarchy was established, which prioritizes the inputs used in measuring fair value into
three broad levels as follows:
Level 1Quoted
prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.
Level 2Inputs,
other than the quoted prices in active markets, are observable either directly or indirectly.
Level 3Unobservable
inputs based on the Company's assumptions.
The
Company is required to use of observable market data if such data is available without undue cost and effort.
The
carrying amounts for cash, accounts payable, accrued expenses and convertible debentures approximate their fair value due
to their short term nature.
Research
and Development Costs
Costs
incurred for research and development are expensed as incurred. Purchased materials that do not have an alternative future use
are also expensed. Furthermore, costs incurred in the construction of prototypes with no certainty of any alternative future use
and established commercial uses are also expensed.
For
the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013 research and development costs were $577,501, $893,542 and $2,011,486, respectively.
Patent
Costs
Patent
costs consist of patent-related legal and filing fees. Due to the uncertainty associated with the successful development of our
AOT and Joule Heat products, all patent costs are expensed as incurred. During the year ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013,
patent costs were $53,044, $103,434 and $144,326, respectively, and were included as part of operating expenses in the accompanying
consolidated statements of operations.
Recent
Accounting Pronouncements
On
August 27, 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-15, Disclosure of Uncertainties about an Entitys Ability to Continue as a Going
Concern, which provides guidance on determining when and how to disclose going-concern uncertainties in the financial statements.
The new standard requires management to perform interim and annual assessments of an entitys ability to continue as a going
concern within one year of the date the financial statements are issued. An entity must provide certain disclosures if conditions
or events raise substantial doubt about the entitys ability to continue as a going concern. The ASU applies to all entities
and is effective for annual periods ending after December 15, 2016, and interim periods thereafter, with early adoption permitted
In
May 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Accounting Standards Update (ASU) No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts
with Customers. ASU 2014-09 is a comprehensive revenue recognition standard that will supersede nearly all existing revenue recognition
guidance under current U.S. GAAP and replace it with a principle based approach for determining revenue recognition. ASU 2014-09
will require that companies recognize revenue based on the value of transferred goods or services as they occur in the contract.
The ASU also will require additional disclosure about the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising
from customer contracts, including significant judgments and changes in judgments and assets recognized from costs incurred to
obtain or fulfill a contract. ASU 2014-09 is effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017. Early
adoption is permitted only in annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2016, including interim periods therein. Entities
will be able to transition to the standard either retrospectively or as a cumulative-effect adjustment as of the date of adoption.
The Company is in the process of evaluating the impact of ASU 2014-09 on the Companys financial statements and disclosures.In
February 2016, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update (ASU) No. 2016-02, Leases. ASU 2016-02 requires a lessee to record
a right of use asset and a corresponding lease liability on the balance sheet for all leases with terms longer than 12 months.
ASU 2016-02 is effective for all interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2018. Early adoption is permitted.
A modified retrospective transition approach is required for lessees for capital and operating leases existing at, or entered
into after, the beginning of the earliest comparative period presented in the financial statements, with certain practical expedients
available. The Company is in the process of evaluating the impact of ASU 2016-02 on the Companys financial statements and
disclosures.
Other
recent accounting pronouncements issued by the FASB, including its Emerging Issues Task Force, the American Institute of Certified
Public Accountants, and the Securities and Exchange Commission did not or are not believed by management to have a material impact
on the Company's present or future consolidated financial statement presentation or disclosures.
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v3.3.1.900
3. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions
|
12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2015 |
Related Party Transactions [Abstract] |
|
Certain Relationships and Related Transactions |
Accrued
Expenses and Accounts Payable - Related Parties
As
of December 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014, the Company had accounts payable to related parties in the amount of $76,089
and $80,589, respectively. These amounts are unpaid Directors Fees and unpaid Company expenses incurred by Officers and Directors.
As
of December 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014, the Company accrued the unpaid salaries, unused vacation and the corresponding
payroll taxes of Officers in the aggregate of $114,661, and $178,468, respectively. Included in these accruals are the unpaid
salaries to a former President and current member of the Companys Board of Directors of $75,429, and $135,429, respectively.
The Company agreed to a monthly payment of $5,000 to the current Board member until his unpaid salary is fully settled.
Bonus
Paid to Officers
General
and administrative expenses for the year ended December 31, 2013 include bonuses in the aggregate of $150,000 paid to Officers.
There were no such bonuses paid during the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014.
Consulting
Fees Paid to Related Party
General
and administrative expenses for the year ended December 31, 2014 and 2013 include consulting fees of $60,000 for services rendered
by a consulting firm controlled by a member of our Board of Directors. There were no such costs in 2015.
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v3.3.1.900
4. Property and Equipment
|
12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2015 |
Property, Plant and Equipment [Abstract] |
|
Property and Equipment |
At
December 31, 2015 and 2014, property and equipment consists of the following:
| |
December 31, | |
| |
2015 | | |
2014 | |
| |
| | |
| |
Office equipment | |
$ | 65,051 | | |
$ | 65,051 | |
Furniture and fixtures | |
| 4,075 | | |
| 4,075 | |
Testing Equipment | |
| 12,914 | | |
| | |
Subtotal | |
| 82,040 | | |
| 69,126 | |
Less accumulated depreciation | |
| (60,242 | ) | |
| (47,180 | ) |
Total | |
$ | 21,798 | | |
$ | 21,946 | |
Depreciation
expense for the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013 was $13,062, $13,825 and $15,399, respectively.
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- DefinitionThe entire disclosure for long-lived, physical assets used in the normal conduct of business and not intended for resale. Includes, but is not limited to, accounting policies and methodology, roll forwards, depreciation, depletion and amortization expense, including composite depreciation, accumulated depreciation, depletion and amortization expense, useful lives and method used, income statement disclosures, assets held for sale and public utility disclosures.
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v3.3.1.900
5. Convertible Notes and Warrants
|
12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2015 |
Debt Disclosure [Abstract] |
|
Convertible Notes and Warrants |
| |
December 31, | |
| |
2015 | | |
2014 | |
| |
| | |
| |
Convertible note | |
$ | 321,024 | | |
$ | 244,640 | |
Interest | |
| 2,004 | | |
| | |
Subtotal | |
| 323,028 | | |
| 244,640 | |
Convertible note discount | |
| (100,833 | ) | |
| (105,542 | ) |
Total | |
$ | 222,195 | | |
$ | 139,098 | |
In
2014, the Company conducted a private placement and issued an aggregate of $280,390 of its convertible notes for proceeds of $254,900
or an original issue discount (OID) of $25,490. The notes do not bear any interest, however, the implied interest
rate used was 10% since the notes were issued 10% less than its face value, are unsecured, and will mature in twelve months from
issuance. The notes are convertible, at the option of the note holder, into the Companys common stock at a conversion price
of $0.48 per share, for a total of 584,146 shares of common stock. In addition, each note holder also received a warrant to purchase
common stock equivalent to 25% of the number of shares the notes are convertible into or a total of 146,037 shares of common stock.
Each warrant is exercisable on a cash basis only at a price of $0.48 per share, vests immediately upon issuance, and is exercisable
for one year from the date of issuance.
As
a result, the Company recorded a note discount of $145,160 to account for the relative fair value of the warrants, the notes
beneficial conversion feature (BCF), and OID. The note discounts are being amortized over the life of the note or
will be amortize in full upon the conversion of the corresponding notes to common stock. At December 31, 2014, total outstanding
notes payable amounted to $244,640 and unamortized note discount was $105,542.
In
2015, the Company issued similar convertible promissory notes in the aggregate of $726,000 for cash proceeds of $660,000 or a
discount of $66,000. The notes do not bear any interest; however, the implied interest rate used was 10% since the notes were
issued 10% less than its face value, are unsecured, mature in twelve months from issuance and convertible at $0.30 and $0.10 per
share. In addition, the Company also granted these note holders warrants to purchase 1,796,667 shares of the Company common
stock. The warrants are fully vested, exercisable at $0.30 and $0.10 per share and will expire in one year. As a result, the Company
recorded a note discount of $696,945 to account for the relative fair value of the warrants, the notes BCF and OID. The
note discounts are being amortized over the life of the note or will be amortize in full upon the conversion of the corresponding
notes to common stock.
During
the year ended December 31, 2015, a total of $668,800 of notes payable were converted into 1.1 million shares of common stock
and amortized note discount of $701,654 was recorded as interest expense.
As
of December 31, 2015, total outstanding notes payable amounted to $321,024 and unamortized note discount of $100,833. Three notes
in the aggregate of $211,024 had reached maturity without conversion as of December 31, 2015. As a result, the Company increased
the principal amount of each note by 10% under terms of the notes in the aggregate amount of $19,184, which the Company recorded
as an interest expense. As of the date of maturity, each of the notes commenced the accrual of interest thereon at an annual rate
of 10% under terms of the notes. As of December 31, 2015, interest accrued for these notes amounted to $2,004.
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- DefinitionThe entire disclosure for information about short-term and long-term debt arrangements, which includes amounts of borrowings under each line of credit, note payable, commercial paper issue, bonds indenture, debenture issue, own-share lending arrangements and any other contractual agreement to repay funds, and about the underlying arrangements, rationale for a classification as long-term, including repayment terms, interest rates, collateral provided, restrictions on use of assets and activities, whether or not in compliance with debt covenants, and other matters important to users of the financial statements, such as the effects of refinancing and noncompliance with debt covenants.
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v3.3.1.900
6. Research and Development
|
12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2015 |
Research and Development [Abstract] |
|
Research and Development |
The
Company constructs, develops and tests the AOT and Joule Heat technologies with internal resources and through the assistance
of various third party entities. Costs incurred and expensed include fees such as patent fees, U.S. Department of Energy testing
fees, purchase of test equipment, pipeline pumping equipment, crude oil tank batteries, viscometers, SCADA systems, computer equipment,
payroll and other related equipment and various logistical expenses for the purposes of evaluating and testing the Companys
AOT prototypes.
For
the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013, our research and development expenses were $577,501, $893,452 and $2,011,486,
respectively.
AOT
and Joule Heat Product Development and Testing
The
Company constructs, develops and tests the AOT and Joule Heat technologies with internal resources and through the assistance
of various third party entities. Costs incurred and expensed include fees such as U.S. Department of Energy testing fees, purchase
of test equipment, pipeline pumping equipment, crude oil tank batteries, viscometers, SCADA systems, computer equipment, payroll
and other related equipment and various logistical expenses for the purposes of evaluating and testing the Companys AOT
and Joule Heat prototypes.
Total
expenses incurred during the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013 on AOT and Joule Heat product development and testing
amounted to $215,668, $73,937 and $676,287 respectively and has been reflected as part of Research and Development expenses on
the accompanying consolidated statements of operations.
AOT
Prototypes
In
2013, the Company entered into a lease agreement with TransCanada Keystone Pipeline, L.P. for the manufacture and delivery of
our AOT Prototype Equipment. In 2014, the Company entered into another lease agreement with Kinder Morgan Crude & Condensate,
LLC for the manufacture and delivery of our AOT Prototype Equipment. See Note 7 for further discussion.
During
the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013, the Company incurred total expenses of $109,645, $502,720 and $1,029,143, respectively,
in the manufacture and delivery of the AOT prototype equipment. These expenses have been reflected as part of Research and Development
expenses on the accompanying consolidated statements of operations.
Temple
University Licensing Agreement
On
August 1, 2011, the Company and Temple University (Temple) entered into two (2) Exclusive License Agreements (collectively,
the License Agreements) relating to Temples patent applications, patents and technical information pertaining
to technology associated with an electric and/or magnetic field assisted fuel injector system (the First Temple License),
and to technology to reduce crude oil viscosity (the Second Temple License). The License Agreements are
exclusive and the territory licensed to the Company is worldwide and replace previously issued License Agreements.
Pursuant
to the two licensing agreements, the Company agreed to pay Temple the following: (i) non-refundable license maintenance fee
of $300,000; (ii) annual maintenance fees of $187,500; (iii) royalty fee ranging from 4% up to 7% from revenues generated from
the licensing agreements; and (iv) 25% of all revenues generated from sub-licensees to secure or maintain the sub-license or option
thereon. Temple also agreed to defer $37,500 of the amount due if the Company agrees to fund at least $250,000 in research or
development of Temples patent rights licensed to the Company. The term of the licenses commenced in August 2011 and will
expire upon the expiration of the patents. The agreement can also be terminated by either party upon notification under terms
of the licensing agreements or if the Company ceases the development of the patent or failure to commercialize the patent rights.
Total
expenses recognized during each year ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013 pursuant to these two agreements amounted to $187,500
and has been reflected in Research and Development expenses on the accompanying consolidated statements of operations.
As
of December 31, 2015 and 2014, total unpaid fees due to Temple pursuant to these agreements amounted to $460,625 and $340,625,
respectively, which are included as part of Accounts Payable licensing agreement in the accompanying consolidated balance
sheets. As of December 31, 2015, $165,125 of the $460,625 payable has been deferred under terms of the license agreements and
$295,500 is deemed past due. The Company is currently in negotiations with Temple to settle this amount.
In
2014, the Company recognized revenues of $240,000 as a result of these two licenses. No royalty payment was due to Temple as the
reported revenues did not meet the threshold at which the Company would pay royalties in addition to the annual maintenance agreement.
There were no revenues generated from these two licenses during the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2013.
Temple
University Sponsored Research Agreement
On
March 19, 2012, the Company entered into a Sponsored Research Agreement (Research Agreement) with
Temple University (Temple), whereby Temple, under the direction of Dr. Rongjia Tao, will perform ongoing
research related to the Companys AOT device (the Project), for the period April 1, 2012, through April 1,
2014. All rights and title to intellectual property resulting from Temples work related to the Project shall be subject
to the Exclusive License Agreements between Temple and the Company, dated August 1, 2011. In exchange
for Temples research efforts on the Project, the Company has agreed to pay Temple $500,000, payable in
quarterly installments of $62,500. A copy of the Temple Research Agreement dated March 19, 2012, as amended March 19, 2013 is
attached to this Form 10-K filing as Exhibit 10.121.
In
August 2013, the Company and Temple amended the Research Agreement. Under the amended agreement, parties agreed that total cost
for Phase 1 of the agreement was $241,408 and total cost for Phase 2 of the agreement was $258,592 payable beginning September
1, 2013 in eight quarterly installments of $32,324.
During
the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013, the Company recognized a total expense of $64,688, $129,295 and $118,556, respectively,
pursuant to this agreement and such costs have been reflected in Research and Development expenses on the accompanying consolidated
statements of operations.
As
of December 31, 2015 and 2014, total unpaid fees due to Temple pursuant to this agreement amounted to $129,377 and $64,688,
respectively, which are included as part of Accounts Payable licensing agreement in the accompanying consolidated
balance sheets. As of December 31, 2015, the entire $129,377 is deemed past due. The Company is currently in
negotiations with Temple to settle this amount.
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- DefinitionThe entire disclosure for research, development, and computer software activities, including contracts and arrangements to be performed for others and with federal government. Includes costs incurred (1) in a planned search or critical investigation aimed at discovery of new knowledge with the hope that such knowledge will be useful in developing a new product or service, a new process or technique, or in bringing about a significant improvement to an existing product or process; or (2) to translate research findings or other knowledge into a plan or design for a new product or process or for a significant improvement to an existing product or process whether intended for sale or the entity's use, during the reporting period charged to research and development projects, including the costs of developing computer software up to the point in time of achieving technological feasibility and in-process research and development acquired in a business combination consummated during the period.
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v3.3.1.900
7. Leases
|
12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2015 |
Leases [Abstract] |
|
Leases |
TransCanada
Keystone Pipeline, L.P. Lease
On
August 1, 2013, the Company entered into an Equipment Lease/Option to Purchase Agreement (Lease) with TransCanada
Keystone Pipeline, L.P. by its agent TC Oil Pipeline Operations, Inc. ("TransCanada") which agreed to lease and test
the effectiveness of the Companys AOT technology and equipment on one of TransCanadas operating pipelines. The initial
term of the lease was for six months at an amount of $60,000 per month. During the initial term, either the Company or TransCanada
had the right to terminate the Agreement for any reason on 90-days written notice. TransCanada had an option to purchase the equipment
during the term of the lease for approximately $4.3 million.
In
June 2014, the equipment was accepted by TransCanada and the lease commenced. The Company accounted the TransCanada Lease as an
operating lease, and recognized total lease revenue of $240,000 from June 2014 up to October 2014.
In
October 2014, the lease was mutually terminated by the Company and TranCanada and the AOT Equipment was returned to the Company.
Kinder
Morgan Crude & Condensate, LLC Lease
On
July 15, 2014, the Company entered into an Equipment Lease/Option to Purchase Agreement (Lease) with Kinder Morgan
Crude & Condensate, LLC (Kinder Morgan). In accordance with the terms and conditions of the agreement, Kinder
Morgan agreed to lease and test the effectiveness of the Companys AOT technology and equipment on one of Kinder Morgans
operating pipelines. Equipment provided under the Lease includes a single AOT Midstream pressure vessel with a maximum flow capacity
of 5,000 gallons per minute.
The
initial term (Initial Term) of the Lease is four months, with an option to extend the Lease for up to a maximum
of 84 months. During the Initial Term, either the Company or Kinder Morgan may terminate the Agreement for any reason on 45 days
written notice. Lease payments shall be $20,000 per month; provided however, that in the event the Equipment is removed from service
at its initial location during the Initial Term, the monthly lease payments shall be reduced to $5,000 until the Equipment is
placed back in service at its new location, at which time the Lease payments shall resume at $20,000 per month. The agreement
further provides that Kinder Morgan shall have an option to purchase the Equipment during the term of the Lease for a fixed price
of between $600,000 and $1,200,000, depending upon the date of purchase.
The
AOT equipment was delivered to Kinder Morgan in December 2014 and installed in March 2015. In April 2015, the AOT equipment experienced
technical issues that needed further modifications. In February 2016, the AOT equipment was installed at Kinder Morgans
facility with pre-start testing to begin in March 2016. The Company will account for the lease with Kinder Morgan as an operating
lease once the AOT equipment is accepted.
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- DefinitionThe entire disclosure for lessor entity's leasing arrangements for operating, capital and leveraged leases.
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v3.3.1.900
8. Derivative Liability
|
12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2015 |
Derivative Liability [Abstract] |
|
Derivative Liability |
Pursuant
to current accounting pronouncements, instruments which do not have fixed settlement provisions are deemed to be derivative instruments.
The FASBs guidance requires the fair value of these liabilities be re-measured at the end of every reporting period. The Company characterized the fair value
of these warrants as derivative liabilities upon issuance and re-measured every reporting period with the change in value reported
in the accompanying statement of operations.
In
2009 and 2010, in connection with certain convertible note offerings, the Company granted warrants to purchase an aggregate of
8,522,500 shares of the Companys common stock. The warrants are initially exercisable at $0.30 per share with exercise
prices that may fluctuate based on the occurrence of future offerings or events. At December 31, 2012, a total of 4.4 million
warrants remained outstanding with a fair value of $3,221,138.
In
January 2013, the remaining 4.4 million warrants expired or were exercised at which time the warrants had a fair value of $3,441,752,
which resulted in a loss of $220,614 due to the change in the fair value of the derivative liability. Furthermore, as a result
of the exercise and expiration of these warrants, the Company recorded a gain of $3,441,752 due to the extinguishment of the corresponding
derivative liability. There were no similar warrants issued or outstanding in 2015 and 2014.
The
derivative liabilities were valued using a probability weighted average of Black-Scholes Option Pricing models as a valuation
technique, which approximates the Monte Carlo and other binominal valuation techniques with the following assumptions:
|
|
January
15 |
|
|
2013 |
Risk-free interest rate |
|
|
0.12% |
|
Expected volatility |
|
|
92% |
|
Expected life (in years) |
|
|
0.75 - 1.00 |
|
Expected dividend
yield |
|
|
0% |
|
Fair Value: |
|
|
|
|
2009 Warrants |
|
|
3,441,752 |
|
Total Fair Value |
|
$ |
3,441,752 |
|
The
risk-free interest rate is based on the yield available on U.S. Treasury securities. The Company estimates volatility based on
the historical volatility of its common stock. The expected life warrants are based on the expiration date of the related warrants.
The expected dividend yield was based on the fact that the Company has not paid dividends to stockholders in the past nor is it
expected to pay any dividends in the foreseeable future.
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v3.3.1.900
9. Common Stock Transactions
|
12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2015 |
Stockholders' Equity Note [Abstract] |
|
Common Stock Transactions |
2015
During
the year ended December 31, 2015, the Company issued an aggregate of 2,803,333 shares of its common stock as follows:
| · | The
Company issued 2,603,333 shares of its common stock in exchange for conversion of $668,800
of Convertible Notes pursuant to the convertible notes conversion price ranging from
$0.10 to $0.48 per share. |
| · | The
Company issued 200,000 shares of its common stock upon exercise of warrants at price
of $0.25 per share for total cash proceeds of at $50,000. |
2014
During
the year ended December 31, 2014, the Company issued an aggregate of 4,785,427 shares of its common stock as follows:
| · | The
Company issued 74,480 shares of its common stock in exchange for conversion of $35,750
of Convertible Notes pursuant to the convertible notes conversion price of $0.48 per
share. |
| · | The
Company issued 4,710,947 shares of its common stock for exercise of options and warrants
at price of $0.30 per share and valued at $1,413,284, of which, $30,000 was applied to
an existing accounts payable and $1,383,284 was received in cash. |
2013
During
the year ended December 31, 2013, the Company issued an aggregate of 32,575,247 shares of its common stock as follows:
| · | The
Company issued 29,152,389 shares of its common stock upon exercise of options and warrants
at a price of $0.25 up to $0.98 which resulted in net cash proceeds of $8,428,218 and
settlement of unpaid fees recorded in prior years of $49,000 for a total of $8,477,218. |
| · | The
Company issued 375,455 shares of its common stock with a fair value of $419,113 or $1.12
per share to employees, officers, members of the Board of Directors and a consultant
for service rendered. The shares were valued at market at the date of the agreement. |
| · | In
December 2013, the Company issued 3,047,403 shares of common stock with a fair value
of $3,108,347 pursuant to a settlement with CEDE & Co (see Note 13). The shares were
valued at market at the date of issuance. |
In
December 2013, the Companys stockholders agreed to increase the authorized shares of common stock of the Company from 200,000,000
to 300,000,000.
|
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- DefinitionThe entire disclosure for shareholders' equity comprised of portions attributable to the parent entity and noncontrolling interest, including other comprehensive income. Includes, but is not limited to, balances of common stock, preferred stock, additional paid-in capital, other capital and retained earnings, accumulated balance for each classification of other comprehensive income and amount of comprehensive income.
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v3.3.1.900
10. Stock Options and Warrants
|
12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2015 |
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Options, Additional Disclosures [Abstract] |
|
Stock Options and Warrants |
The
Company periodically issues stock options and warrants to employees and non-employees in capital raising transactions, for services
and for financing costs. Options and warrants vest and expire according to terms established at the grant date.
Options
The
Company previously issued stock options to employees, directors and consultants under its 2004 Stock Option Plan (the Plan). The
Company could issue options under the Plan to acquire up to 7,000,000 shares of common stock as amended in May 2006. On March
2, 2014, the Plan expired and the Board decided not to extend it.
Employee
options vest according to the terms of the specific grant and expire from 5 to 10 years from date of grant. Non-employee
option grants vest upon issuance up to 2 years. The weighted-average, remaining contractual life of employee and Non-employee
options outstanding at December 31, 2015 was 5.2 years. Stock option activity for the period January 1, 2013 to December
31, 2015, was as follows:
| |
Weighted
Avg. Options | | |
Weighted
Avg. Exercise
Price | |
Options, January 1, 2013 | |
| 27,278,098 | | |
$ | 0.27 | |
Options granted | |
| 207,819 | | |
| 1.17 | |
Options exercised | |
| (115,000 | ) | |
| 0.60 | |
Options forfeited | |
| (7,061,009 | ) | |
| 0.25 | |
Options, December 31, 2013 | |
| 20,309,908 | | |
$ | 0.28 | |
Options granted | |
| 852,122 | | |
| 0.80 | |
Options exercised | |
| (20,000 | ) | |
| 0.30 | |
Options forfeited | |
| (90,000 | ) | |
| 0.91 | |
Options, December 31, 2014 | |
| 21,052,030 | | |
$ | 0.20 | |
Options granted | |
| 838,552 | | |
| 0.46 | |
Options exercised | |
| | | |
| | |
Options forfeited | |
| (355,434 | ) | |
| 0.72 | |
Options, December 31, 2015 | |
| 21,535,148 | | |
$ | 0.30 | |
The
weighted average exercise prices, remaining contractual lives for options granted, exercisable, and expected to vest under the
Plan as of December 31, 2015 were as follows:
| | |
Outstanding Options | | |
Exercisable Options | |
Option Exercise
Price Per
Share | | |
Shares | | |
Life
(Years)
| | |
Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price
| | |
Shares | | |
Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price
| |
$ 0.21 - $ 0.99 | | |
| 21,343,280 | | |
| 5.2 | | |
$ | 0.29 | | |
| 20,408,283 | | |
$ | 0.29 | |
$ 1.00 - $ 1.99 | | |
| 191,868 | | |
| 4.2 | | |
$ | 1.22 | | |
| 263,229 | | |
$ | 1.20 | |
| | |
| 21,535,148 | | |
| | | |
$ | 0.30 | | |
| 20,671,512 | | |
$ | 0.30 | |
As
of December 31, 2015 the market price of the Companys stock was $0.19 per share. At December 31, 2015 the aggregate
intrinsic value of the options outstanding was $0. Future unamortized compensation expense on the unvested outstanding options
at December 31, 2015 is approximately $34,000.
2015
| · | From
January through July 2015, the Company issued options to purchase a total of 838,552
shares of common stock to employees, officers and members of the Board of Directors with
a fair value of $323,787 using the Black-Scholes Option Pricing model. The options are
exercisable from $0.65 up to $0.99 per share, vesting within one year and expiring in
ten years from the date of grant. During the year ended December 31, 2015, the Company
recognized compensation costs of $323,787 based on the fair value of options that vested. |
| · | During
the year ended December 31, 2015, the Company amortized $366,266 of compensation cost based
on the vesting of the options granted to employees and directors in prior years. |
2014
| · | In
February 2014, options to purchase 20,000 shares of common stock were exercised resulting
in proceeds of $6,000. |
| · | From
January up to October 2014, the Company issued options to purchase a total of 852,122
shares of common stock to employees, officers and members of the Board of Directors with
an estimated fair value of approximately $454,499 using the Black-Scholes Option Pricing
model. The options are exercisable from $0.65 up to $0.99 per share, vesting within two
years and expire in two and ten years from the date of grant. During the year ended December
31, 2014, the Company recognized compensation costs of $295,884 based on the fair value
of options that vested. |
| · | During
the year ended December 31, 2014, the Company amortized $376,247 of compensation cost based
on the vesting of the options granted to employees, directors and consultants in prior
years. |
2013
| · | From
April up to September 2013, options to purchase 115,000 shares of common stock were exercised
resulting in net proceeds of $19,500. Included in the exercise was issuance of 50,000
shares of common stock valued at $49,000 pursuant to an exercise of options and accounted
for as partial settlement of a liability recorded in prior years. |
| · | From
July up to September 2013, the Company issued options to purchase 207,819 shares of common
stock to consultants, employees, officers and members of the Board of Directors with
a fair value of approximately $201,000 using the Black-Scholes Option Pricing model.
The options are exercisable at $1.09/share up to $1.71/share, vest over a period of one
year and expire in two years and ten years from the date of grant. During the year ended
December 31, 2013, the Company recognized compensation costs of $101,157 based on the
fair value of options that vested. |
| · | In
November 2013, pursuant to separation agreement with an Officer of the Company, the Company
cancelled unvested option to purchase 7,040,000 shares of common stock at $0.25 and modified
the vesting period of unvested option to purchase 3,520,000 shares of common stock at
$0.25, both granted during 2011. |
| · | During
the year ended December 31, 2013, the Company amortized $403,127 of compensation cost based
on the vesting of the options granted to employees, directors and consultants in prior
years. |
Black-Scholes
Option Pricing
The
Company used the following average assumptions in its calculation using the Black-Scholes Option Pricing model:
|
|
Years
Ended |
|
|
2015 |
|
2014 |
|
2013 |
Expected life (years) |
|
5.0 5.5 |
|
|
1.5 5.5 |
|
|
1.5 5.5 |
|
Risk free interest
rate |
|
1.56
1.72 |
% |
|
0.12
1.70 |
% |
|
0.34
1.65 |
% |
Volatility |
|
106 121 |
% |
|
123 135 |
% |
|
127 130 |
% |
Expected dividend
yield |
|
0 |
% |
|
0 |
% |
|
0 |
% |
The
expected life is based on the expiration date of the related options. The risk-free interest rate is based on the yield
available on U.S. Treasury securities. The Company estimates volatility based on the historical volatility of its common stock.
The expected dividend yield was based on the fact that the Company has not paid dividends to stockholders in the past nor is it
expected to pay any dividends in the foreseeable future.
The
weighted average fair value for options granted in 2015, 2014 and 2013 was $0.39, $0.96 and $0.30, respectively.
Warrants
The
following table summarizes certain information about the Companys stock purchase warrants.
| |
Warrants | | |
Weighted
Avg. Exercise
Price | |
Warrants outstanding, January 1, 2013 | |
| 42,205,507 | | |
$ | 0.31 | |
Warrants granted | |
| 150,000 | | |
| 0.30 | |
Warrants exercised | |
| (29,037,389 | ) | |
| 0.29 | |
Warrants cancelled | |
| (1,554,152 | ) | |
| 0.33 | |
Warrants outstanding, December 31, 2013 | |
| 11,763,966 | | |
$ | 0.34 | |
Warrants granted | |
| 761,037 | | |
| 0.71 | |
Warrants exercised | |
| (4,690,947 | ) | |
| 0.30 | |
Warrants cancelled | |
| (2,141,969 | ) | |
| 0.46 | |
Warrants outstanding, December 31, 2014 | |
| 5,692,087 | | |
$ | 0.36 | |
Warrants granted | |
| 1,796,667 | | |
| 0.20 | |
Warrants exercised | |
| (200,000 | ) | |
| 0.25 | |
Warrants cancelled | |
| (2,877,087 | ) | |
| 0.36 | |
Warrants outstanding, December 31, 2015 | |
| 4,411,667 | | |
$ | 0.31 | |
At
December 31, 2015 the price of the Companys common stock was $0.19 per share and the aggregate intrinsic value of the warrants
outstanding was $79,200. Future unamortized compensation expense on the unvested outstanding warrants at December 31, 2015 is
approximately $1,867.
| | |
Outstanding Warrants | | |
Exercisable Warrants | |
Warrant Exercise
Price Per
Share | | |
Shares | | |
Life
(Years)
| | |
Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price
| | |
Shares | | |
Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price
| |
$ 0.25 - $ 0.99 | | |
| 4,291,667 | | |
| 3.2 | | |
$ | 0.36 | | |
| 4,291,667 | | |
$ | 0.34 | |
$ 1.00 - $ 1.99 | | |
| 120,000 | | |
| 0.0 | | |
$ | 1.01 | | |
| 120,000 | | |
$ | 1.01 | |
| | |
| 4,411,667 | | |
| | | |
$ | 0.38 | | |
| 4,411,667 | | |
$ | 0.35 | |
2015
| · | In
January 2015, warrants to acquire 200,000 shares of common stock were exercised resulting
in gross proceeds of $50,000. |
| · | In
May through December 2015, pursuant to terms of convertible notes issued, the Company
granted warrants to purchase 1,796,667 shares with exercise prices of $0.30 per share
and $0.10 per share, vesting immediately upon grant and expiring one year from the date
of grant. See Note 5 for further discussion. |
| · | During
the year ended December 31, 2015, the Company amortized $38,524 of compensation cost based
on the vesting of the warrants granted to employees, directors and consultants in prior
years. |
2014
| · | In
January and February 2014, warrants to acquire 4,690,947 shares of common stock were
exercised resulting in gross proceeds of $1,407,284. Furthermore, included in the exercise
was issuance of 100,000 shares of common stock valued at $30,000 pursuant to an exercise
of warrants and accounted for as partial settlement of unpaid fees recorded in prior
years. As a result, the aggregate net proceeds received amounted to $1,377,284. |
| · | From
January up to October 2014, the Company granted consultants warrants to purchase a total
of 315,000 shares with an average exercise price of $0.84 per share, vesting in six months
up to two years and expiring in two years up to ten years from the date of grant. The
fair value of the warrants upon vesting amounted to $20,950 using the Black-Scholes Option
Pricing model with the following average assumptions: risk-free interest rate of 0.89%;
dividend yield of 0%; volatility of 66%; and an expected life of twenty-nine months.
During the year ended December 31, 2014, the Company recognized an amortized expense
of $20,950 based on the fair value of warrants that vested. |
| · | In
May 2014, the Company granted a consultant warrants to purchase 300,000 shares over eighteen
months at the rate of 50,000 shares every three months, with an exercise price of equal
to the closing stock price on the date of vesting, and expiring two years from the date
of grant. The fair value of the warrants vested at December 31, 2014 amounted to $21,000
using the Black-Scholes Option Pricing model with the following average assumptions:
risk-free interest rate of 0.50%; dividend yield of 0%; volatility of 65%; and an expected
life of 18 months. During the year ended December 31, 2014, the Company recognized an
amortized expense of $21,000 based on the fair value of options that vested. |
| · | In
October through December 2014, pursuant to terms of convertible notes issued, the Company
granted warrants to purchase 146,037 shares with an exercise price of $0.48 per share,
vesting immediately upon grant and expiring one year from the date of grant. See Note
5 for further discussion. |
| · | During
the year ended December 31, 2014, the Company amortized $16,645 of compensation cost based
on the vesting of the warrants granted to employees, directors and consultants in prior
years. |
2013
| · | In
March 2013, pursuant to a settlement of debt agreement, the Company granted a consultant
a warrant to purchase 150,000 shares of its common stock with an exercise price of $0.30
per share, vesting immediately and expiring in two years from grant date. The fair value
of the warrant amounted to $129,622 using the Black-Scholes Option Pricing model with
the following average assumptions: risk-free interest rate of 0.26%; dividend yield of
0%; volatility of 132%; and an expected life of two years. |
| · | During
the year ended December 31, 2013, warrants to acquire 29,037,389 shares of common stock
were exercised resulting in proceeds of $8,408,718, net of direct costs incurred of $78,521. |
| · | During
the year ended December 31, 2013, the Company recorded $52,314 of compensation cost based
on the vesting of the warrants granted to employees, directors and consultants in prior
years. |
|
X |
- DefinitionThe entire disclosure for compensation-related costs for equity-based compensation, which may include disclosure of policies, compensation plan details, allocation of equity compensation, incentive distributions, equity-based arrangements to obtain goods and services, deferred compensation arrangements, employee stock ownership plan details and employee stock purchase plan details.
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v3.3.1.900
11. Commitments and Contingencies
|
12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2015 |
Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract] |
|
Commitments and Contingencies |
There
is no current or pending litigation of any significance with the exception of the matters that have arisen under, and are being
handled in, the normal course of business.
Leases
On
August 1, 2013, the Company entered into a non-cancellable lease with a 5-year term, expiring July 31, 2018 at a monthly rent
of $13,075. On February 1, 2014, the Company amended its lease in order to reduce the leased area as well as the monthly lease
to $5,830 per month.
Total
rent expense during the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013, was $69,960, $81,851 and $160,535 respectively which are
included as part of Operating Expenses in the attached consolidated statements of operations. The following is a schedule by years
of future minimum rental payments required under the non-cancellable office lease as of December 31, 2015.
Year ending | | |
Non-cancellable | |
December 31, | | |
Office Leases | |
| 2016 | | |
| 69,960 | |
| 2017 | | |
| 69,960 | |
| 2018 | | |
| 40,810 | |
| Total | | |
$ | 180,730 | |
|
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- DefinitionThe entire disclosure for commitments and contingencies.
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v3.3.1.900
12. Income Taxes
|
12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2015 |
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract] |
|
Income Taxes |
The
Company did not record an income tax provision for 2015, 2014 and 2013, other than $800 for the minimum state tax provision. A
reconciliation of income taxes with the amounts computed at the statutory federal rate follows:
| |
December 31, | |
| |
2015 | | |
2014 | | |
2013 | |
Computed tax provision (benefit) at
federal statutory rate (34%) | |
$ | (1,065,000 | ) | |
$ | (1,133,000 | ) | |
$ | (1,993,000 | ) |
State income taxes, net of federal benefit | |
| (277,000 | ) | |
| (295,000 | ) | |
| (518,000 | ) |
Permanent items | |
| | | |
| | | |
| | |
Valuation allowance | |
| 1,342,800 | | |
| 1,428,800 | | |
| 2,511,800 | |
Income tax provision | |
$ | 800 | | |
$ | 800 | | |
$ | 800 | |
The
deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities recorded on the balance sheet are as follows:
| |
December
31, | |
| |
2015 | | |
2014 | |
Net operating loss carry forwards | |
| 21,000,000 | | |
| 19,600,000 | |
Valuation allowance | |
| (21,000,000 | ) | |
| (19,600,000 | ) |
Total deferred taxes net of valuation allowance | |
$ | | | |
$ | | |
As
of December 31, 2015, the Company had net operating losses available for carry forward for state and federal tax purposes
of approximately $51 million expiring through 2035. These carry forward benefits may be subject to annual
limitations due to the ownership change limitations imposed by the Internal Revenue Code and similar state provisions. The
annual limitation, if imposed, may result in the expiration of net operating losses before utilization.
As
of December 31, 2015, the Company recorded valuation allowance of $21,000,000 for its deferred tax assets the Company believes
that such assets did not meet the more likely than not criteria to be recoverable through projected future profitable operations
in the foreseeable future
Effective
January 1, 2007, the Company adopted FASB guidance that addresses the determination of whether tax benefits claimed or expected
to be claimed on a tax return should be recorded in the financial statements. Under this guidance, the Company may recognize the
tax benefit from an uncertain tax position only if it is more likely than not that the tax position will be sustained on examination
by the taxing authorities, based on the technical merits of the position. The tax benefits recognized in the financial statements
from such a position should be measured based on the largest benefit that has a greater than 50% likelihood of being realized
upon ultimate settlement. The FASB also provides guidance on de-recognition, classification, interest and penalties on income
taxes, accounting in interim periods and requires increased disclosures. As of December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013, the Company does
not have a liability for unrecognized tax benefits.
The
Company files income tax returns in the U.S. federal jurisdiction and the state of California. The Company is subject to U.S.
federal or state income tax examinations by tax authorities for years after 2002. During the periods open to examination, the
Company has net operating loss and tax credit carry forwards for U.S. federal and state tax purposes that have attributes from
closed periods. Since these net operating losses and tax credit carry forwards may be utilized in future periods, they remain
subject to examination. The Companys policy is to record interest and penalties on uncertain tax provisions as income tax
expense. As of December 31, 2015, the Company has no accrued interest or penalties related to uncertain tax positions. The Company
believes that it has not taken any uncertain tax positions that would impact its consolidated financial statements as of December
31, 2015, 2014 or 2013.
|
X |
- DefinitionThe entire disclosure for income taxes. Disclosures may include net deferred tax liability or asset recognized in an enterprise's statement of financial position, net change during the year in the total valuation allowance, approximate tax effect of each type of temporary difference and carryforward that gives rise to a significant portion of deferred tax liabilities and deferred tax assets, utilization of a tax carryback, and tax uncertainties information.
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v3.3.1.900
13. Settlement with CEDE & Co.
|
12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2015 |
Settlement With Cede Co. |
|
Settlement with CEDE & Co. |
In
2001, a total of 3,047,403 shares of common stock of the Company that were held in street (nominee) name by Cede & Co. of
the Depository Trust Co. (the Cede Shares) were ordered cancelled by a federal district court relating to litigation
initiated by the Securities and Exchange Commission against the Company and its former Chief Executive Officer (CEO). Either before
or after the courts order (the timing of which is unknown to the Company), the Cede Shares, at that time were held directly
or indirectly by the former CEO and were placed with Cede & Co. in nominee name. In furtherance of the courts order,
the physical certificates relating to the Cede Shares should have been returned to the Companys stock transfer agent, NATCO,
for cancellation. This did not occur. Rather, Cede & Co. retained the stock certificates representing the Cede Shares and
continued to treat the Cede Shares as outstanding and free trading shares of the Company. Notwithstanding the foregoing, NATCO,
in furtherance of then Company counsels instructions, cancelled the Cede Shares on the Companys books and records
in 2005, and, in furtherance thereof, reduced the Companys outstanding shares of common stock by 3,047,403.
In
2013, Cede & Co. has requested, in effect, that, inasmuch as the Cede Shares continue to be within its system, the Cede Shares
be reinstated on the Companys books and records and that the outstanding shares of the Company be increased by 3,047,403.
Although the Company believes Cede & Co.s request is misplaced, particularly since it appears that Cede & Co. had
prior notice of the courts order cancelling the Cede Shares, the Company has elected to avoid litigation with Cede &
Co. and instead has elected to reinstate the Cede Shares.
In
December 2013, the Company approved the reinstatement of 3,047,403 shares of common stock of the Company with a fair value of
$3,108,347 and recorded as part of Operating Expenses in 2013 in the accompanying consolidated Statement of Operations. The fair
value of the shares was determined based on the trading price of the Companys shares on December 16, 2013, the date of
the Companys Board of Directors approved such reinstatement.
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v3.3.1.900
14. Settlement with Former Officer
|
12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2015 |
Settlement With Former Officer |
|
Settlement with Former Officer |
On
November 15, 2013, Cecil Kyte voluntarily resigned as a Director, Chairman of the Board, a member of the Nominating and Corporate
Governance Committee, and Chief Executive Officer. Pursuant to his separation agreement, the Company recognized expense of $364,315
to account for his severance pay plus corresponding payroll taxes which was recorded as part of Operating Expenses in the accompanying
consolidated Statement of Operations for 2013. The entire amount due to Mr. Kyte was paid in full in 2014.
At
the time of separation, Mr. Kyte also held unvested options which had been granted in January 2011 to purchase 10,560,000 shares
of common stock at $0.25 per share, of which 3,520,000 shares were due to vest in January 2014 and 7,040,000 shares were due to
fully vest by January 2016. Under terms of the separation agreement, the Company accelerated the vesting of the 3,520,000 options
to November 15, 2013 while the remaining 7,040,000 options were forfeited. As a result, the Company recognized compensation expense
of $3,809,325, to account for the fair value of the options that were modified. The fair value was determined using a Black-Scholes
Option Pricing model with the following: risk-free interest rate of 2.06%; dividend yield of 0%; volatility of 130%; and an expected
life of 7 years. Previously recorded compensation recorded in 2013 related to the original vesting schedule of the 3,520,000 options
was reversed, and the $3,809,325 was recorded as part of Operating Expenses in the accompanying consolidated Statement of Operations
for 2013.
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v3.3.1.900
15. Quarterly Information (unaudited)
|
12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2015 |
Quarterly Financial Information Disclosure [Abstract] |
|
Quarterly Information |
| |
First | | |
Second | | |
Third | | |
Fourth | |
| |
Quarter | | |
Quarter | | |
Quarter | | |
Quarter | |
Year Ended December 31, 2015: | |
| | | |
| | | |
| | | |
| | |
Net sales | |
$ | | | |
$ | | | |
$ | | | |
$ | | |
Gross profit | |
$ | | | |
$ | | | |
$ | | | |
$ | | |
Net loss | |
$ | (1,174,337 | ) | |
$ | (1,542,944 | ) | |
$ | (825,797 | ) | |
$ | (685,876 | ) |
Loss per share, Basic and Diluted (1) | |
$ | (0.01 | ) | |
$ | (0.01 | ) | |
$ | (0.00 | ) | |
$ | (0.00 | ) |
| |
First | | |
Second | | |
Third | | |
Fourth | |
| |
Quarter | | |
Quarter | | |
Quarter | | |
Quarter | |
Year Ended December 31, 2014: | |
| | | |
| | | |
| | | |
| | |
Net sales | |
$ | | | |
$ | 60,000 | | |
$ | 180,000 | | |
$ | | |
Gross profit | |
$ | | | |
$ | 60,000 | | |
$ | 180,000 | | |
$ | | |
Net loss | |
$ | (1,403,474 | ) | |
$ | (1,008,392 | ) | |
$ | (715,774 | ) | |
$ | (878,695 | ) |
Loss per share, Basic and Diluted (1) | |
$ | (0.01 | ) | |
$ | (0.01 | ) | |
$ | (0.00 | ) | |
$ | (0.00 | ) |
| (1) | Per
share data was computed independently for each of the quarters presented. Therefore,
the sum of the quarterly per share information may not equal the annual income per share. |
|
X |
- DefinitionThe entire disclosure for the quarterly financial data in the annual financial statements. The disclosure may include a tabular presentation of financial information for each fiscal quarter for the current and previous year, including revenues, gross profit, income or loss before extraordinary items and earnings per share data. It also includes an indication if the information in the note is unaudited, comments on the aggregate effect of year-end adjustments, and an explanation of matters or transactions that affect comparability or are pertinent to an understanding of the information furnished.
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v3.3.1.900
16. Contractual Obligations
|
12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2015 |
Contractual Obligations |
|
Contractual Obligations |
The
Company has certain contractual commitments for future periods, including office leases, minimum guaranteed compensation payments
and other agreements as described in the following table and associated footnotes:
Year ending | | |
Office | | |
Research and License | | |
Compensation | | |
Total | |
December 31, | | |
Lease (1) | | |
Agreements (2) | | |
Agreements (3) | | |
Obligations | |
| 2016 | | |
$ | 69,960 | | |
$ | 187,500 | | |
$ | 350,000 | | |
$ | 607,460 | |
| 2017 | | |
| 69,960 | | |
| 187,500 | | |
| 305,429 | | |
| 562,889 | |
| 2018 | | |
| 40,810 | | |
| 187,500 | | |
| 290,000 | | |
| 518,310 | |
| 2019 | | |
| | | |
| 187,500 | | |
| 54,375 | | |
| 241,875 | |
| 2020 | | |
| | | |
| 187,500 | | |
| | | |
| 187,500 | |
| Total | | |
$ | 180,730 | | |
$ | 937,500 | | |
$ | 999,804 | | |
$ | 2,118,034 | |
___________________
| (1) | Consists
of rent for the Companys Santa Barbara Facility expiring on July 31, 2018. |
| (2) | Consists
of license maintenance fees to Temple University in the amount of $187,500 paid
annually through the life of the underlying patents or until otherwise terminated by
either party. |
| (3) | Consists
of base salary and certain contractually-provided benefits, to i) an executive officer,
pursuant to an employment agreement at a base salary of $290,000 per year and, as amended
by the Board on March 10, 2016, expires on March 8, 2019; and ii) and a severance agreement
of a former officer in the amount of $75,429. |
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v3.3.1.900
17. Subsequent Events
|
12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2015 |
Subsequent Events [Abstract] |
|
Subsequent Events |
Increase in Outstanding
Shares
From
January 1, 2016 up to March 15, 2016, the Company issued convertible notes in aggregate of $390,610 in exchange for cash of $355,100.
The notes are unsecured, convertible into 3,90,100 shares in common stock of the Company at a conversion price of $0.10 per share
and matures in one year. In connection with these notes, the Company also issued warrants to purchase 1,953,050 shares of common
stock of the Company at an exercise price of $0.10 per share and expiring one year from the date of issuance. As a result, the
Company will record a note discount of $390,610 to account for the relative fair value of the warrants, the notes beneficial
conversion feature and original issue discount which will be amortized as interest expense over the life of the notes.
From
January 1, 2016 up to March 15, 2016, Company issued 3,029,050 shares of common stock upon voluntary conversion of previously
issued convertible notes in aggregate value of $302,905.
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v3.3.1.900
2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)
|
12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2015 |
Accounting Policies [Abstract] |
|
Description of business |
Description
of Business
QS
Energy, Inc. (QS Energy, Company) (formerly known as Save the World Air, Inc.) was incorporated on
February 18, 1998, as a Nevada Corporation under the name Mandalay Capital Corporation. The Company changed its name to Save the
World Air, Inc. on February 11, 1999. Effective August 11, 2015, the Company changed its name to QS Energy, Inc. The name change
was effected through a short-form merger pursuant to Section 92A.180 of the Nevada Revised Statutes. Additionally, QS Energy Pool,
Inc., a California corporation, was formed as a wholly-owned subsidiaries of the Company on July 6, 2015 to serve as a vehicle
for the Company to explore, review and consider acquisition opportunities. The Companys common stock is quoted under the
symbol QSEP on the Over-the-Counter Bulletin Board. More information including the Companys fact sheet, logos
and media articles are available at our corporate website, www.qsenergy.com.
QS
Energy, Inc. develops and commercializes energy efficiency technologies that assist in meeting increasing global energy demands,
improving the economics of oil extraction and transport, and reducing greenhouse gas emissions. The Company's intellectual property
portfolio includes 47 domestic and international patents and patents pending, a substantial portion of which have been developed
in conjunction with and exclusively licensed from Temple University of Philadelphia, PA (Temple). QS Energy's
primary technology is called Applied Oil Technology (AOT), a commercial-grade crude oil pipeline transportation
flow-assurance product. AOT has been proven in U.S. Department of Energy tests to increase the energy efficiency of oil
pipeline pump stations. The AOT product has transitioned from the research and development stage to initial commercial production
for the midstream pipeline marketplace.
In
2014, the Company began commercial development of a suite of products based around the Joule Heat technology. The Company began
fabrication of prototype equipment to be operated under a joint development agreement with a commercial entity in the fourth quarter
of 2014. This prototype equipment was installed in June, 2015, with testing beginning shortly thereafter, which is anticipated
to be completed first quarter of 2016. In addition, the Company filed two additional provisional patents related to the technologys
method and apparatus. The first of the two provisional patents was finalized and submitted to non-provisional status on April
29, 2014. The second of the two provisional patents was finalized and submitted to non-provisional status at the end of the third
quarter of 2014.
|
Consolidation policy |
Consolidation
Policy
The
accompanying consolidated financial statements of QS Energy Inc. include the accounts of QS Energy Inc. (the Parent) and its wholly
owned subsidiaries, QS Energy Pool, Inc. and STWA Asia Pte. Limited. Intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated
in consolidation.
|
Going concern |
Going
Concern
The
accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared on a going concern basis, which contemplates the realization
of assets and the settlement of liabilities and commitments in the normal course of business. As reflected in the accompanying
consolidated financial statements, during the year ended December 31, 2015, the Company incurred a net loss of $4,228,954, used
cash in operations of $2,595,457 and had a stockholders deficiency of $782,220 as of that date. These factors
raise substantial doubt about the Companys ability to continue as a going concern. The ability of the Company to continue
as a going concern is dependent upon the Companys ability to raise additional funds and implement its business plan. The
financial statements do not include any adjustments that might be necessary if the Company is unable to continue as a going concern.
At
December 31, 2015, the Company had cash on hand in the amount of $349,186. Management estimates that the current funds on hand
will be sufficient to continue operations through May 2016. Management is currently seeking additional funds, primarily through
the issuance of debt and equity securities for cash to operate our business, including without limitation the expenses it will
incur in connection with the license and research and development agreements with Temple; costs associated with product development
and commercialization of the AOT and Joule Heat technologies; costs to manufacture and ship the products; costs to design and
implement an effective system of internal controls and disclosure controls and procedures; costs of maintaining our status as
a public company by filing periodic reports with the SEC and costs required to protect our intellectual property. In addition,
as discussed below, the Company has substantial contractual commitments, including without limitation salaries to our executive
officers pursuant to employment agreements, certain payments to a former officer and consulting fees, during the remainder of
2016 and beyond.
No
assurance can be given that any future financing will be available or, if available, that it will be on terms that are satisfactory
to the Company. Even if the Company is able to obtain additional financing, it may contain undue restrictions on our operations,
in the case of debt financing or cause substantial dilution for our stock holders, in case or equity financing.
|
Revenue Recognition Policy |
Revenue
Recognition Policy
The
Company recognizes lease revenue upon commencement of the lease. Revenue on future product sales will be recognized upon meeting
the following criteria: persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists; delivery has occurred or services rendered; the seller's
price to the buyer is fixed or determinable; and collectability is reasonably assured.
|
Property and Equipment and Depreciation |
Property
and Equipment and Depreciation
Property
and equipment are stated at cost. Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method based on the estimated useful lives
of the assets, generally ranging from three to ten years. Expenditures for major renewals and improvements that extend the useful
lives of property and equipment are capitalized. Expenditures for repairs and maintenance are charged to expense as incurred.
Leasehold improvements are amortized using the straight-line method over the shorter of the estimated useful life of the asset
or the lease term.
|
Impairment of Long-Lived Assets |
Impairment
of Long-lived Assets
Our
long-lived assets, such as property and equipment, are reviewed for impairment at least annually, or when events and circumstances
indicate that depreciable or amortizable long lived assets might be impaired and the undiscounted cash flows estimated to be generated
by those assets are less than the carrying amount of those assets. When specific assets are determined to be unrecoverable, the
cost basis of the asset is reduced to reflect the current value.
We
use various assumptions in determining the current fair value of these assets, including future expected cash flows and discount
rates, as well as other fair value measures. Our impairment loss calculations require us to apply judgment in estimating future
cash flows, including forecasting useful lives of the assets and selecting the discount rate that reflects the risk inherent in
future cash flows.
If
actual results are not consistent with our assumptions and judgments used in estimating future cash flows and asset fair values,
we may be exposed to future impairment losses that could be material to our results. Based upon managements
annual review, no impairments were recorded for the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013.
|
Loss per Share |
Loss
per Share
Basic
loss per share is computed by dividing net loss available to common stockholders by the weighted average number of common shares
outstanding during the period. Diluted loss per share reflects the potential dilution, using the treasury stock method that could
occur if securities or other contracts to issue common stock were exercised or converted into common stock or resulted in the
issuance of common stock that then shared in the loss of the Company. In computing diluted loss per share, the treasury stock
method assumes that outstanding options and warrants are exercised and the proceeds are used to purchase common stock at the average
market price during the period. Options and warrants may have a dilutive effect under the treasury stock method only when the
average market price of the common stock during the period exceeds the exercise price of the options and warrants.
For
the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013, the dilutive impact of outstanding stock options of 21,535,148, 21,052,030
and 20,309,908; outstanding warrants of 4,411,667, 5,692,087 and 11,763,966; and notes convertible into 509,667, -0- and -0- shares
of our common stock, respectively, have been excluded because their impact on the loss per share is anti-dilutive.
|
Income Taxes |
Income
Taxes
Income
taxes are recognized for the amount of taxes payable or refundable for the current year and deferred tax liabilities and assets
are recognized for the future tax consequences of transactions that have been recognized in the Companys consolidated financial
statements or tax returns. A valuation allowance is provided when it is more likely than not that some portion or entire deferred
tax asset will not be realized.
|
Stock-Based Compensation |
Stock-Based
Compensation
The
Company periodically issues stock options and warrants to employees and non-employees in non-capital raising transactions for
services and for financing costs. The Company accounts for stock option and warrant grants issued and vesting to employees based
on the authoritative guidance provided by the Financial Accounting Standards Board whereas the value of the award is measured
on the date of grant and recognized over the vesting period. The Company accounts for stock option and warrant grants issued and
vesting to non-employees in accordance with the authoritative guidance of the Financial Accounting Standards Board whereas the
value of the stock compensation is based upon the measurement date as determined at either a) the date at which a performance
commitment is reached, or b) at the date at which the necessary performance to earn the equity instruments is complete. Non-employee
stock-based compensation charges generally are amortized over the vesting period on a straight-line basis. In certain circumstances
where there are no future performance requirements by the non-employee, option grants are immediately vested and the total stock-based
compensation charge is recorded in the period of the measurement date.
The
fair value of the Company's stock options and warrants grant is estimated using the Black-Scholes Option Pricing model, which
uses certain assumptions related to risk-free interest rates, expected volatility, expected life of the stock options or warrants,
and future dividends. Compensation expense is recorded based upon the value derived from the Black-Scholes Option Pricing model,
and based on actual experience. The assumptions used in the Black-Scholes Option Pricing model could materially affect compensation
expense recorded in future periods.
|
Estimates |
Estimates
The
preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates
and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities
at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Significant
estimates include those related to assumptions used in valuing equity instruments and derivative liabilities. Actual results could
differ from those estimates.
|
Fair value of financial instruments |
Fair
Value of Financial Instruments
Effective
January 1, 2008, fair value measurements are determined by the Company's adoption of authoritative guidance issued by the FASB,
with the exception of the application of the statement to non-recurring, non-financial assets and liabilities as permitted. The
adoption of the authoritative guidance did not have a material impact on the Company's fair value measurements. Fair
value is defined in the authoritative guidance as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability
in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants
at the measurement date. A fair value hierarchy was established, which prioritizes the inputs used in measuring fair value into
three broad levels as follows:
Level 1Quoted
prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.
Level 2Inputs,
other than the quoted prices in active markets, are observable either directly or indirectly.
Level 3Unobservable
inputs based on the Company's assumptions.
The
Company is required to use of observable market data if such data is available without undue cost and effort.
The
carrying amounts for cash, accounts payable, accrued expenses and convertible debentures approximate their fair value due to
their short term nature.
|
Research and Development Costs |
Research
and Development Costs
Costs
incurred for research and development are expensed as incurred. Purchased materials that do not have an alternative future use
are also expensed. Furthermore, costs incurred in the construction of prototypes with no certainty of any alternative future use
and established commercial uses are also expensed.
For
the years ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013 research and development costs were $577,501, $893,542 and $2,011,486, respectively.
|
Patent costs |
Patent
Costs
Patent
costs consist of patent-related legal and filing fees. Due to the uncertainty associated with the successful development of our
AOT and Joule Heat products, all patent costs are expensed as incurred. During the year ended December 31, 2015, 2014 and 2013,
patent costs were $53,044, $103,434 and $144,326, respectively, and were included as part of operating expenses in the accompanying
consolidated statements of operations.
|
Recent Accounting Pronouncements |
Recent
Accounting Pronouncements
On
August 27, 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-15, Disclosure of Uncertainties about an Entitys Ability to Continue as a Going
Concern, which provides guidance on determining when and how to disclose going-concern uncertainties in the financial statements.
The new standard requires management to perform interim and annual assessments of an entitys ability to continue as a going
concern within one year of the date the financial statements are issued. An entity must provide certain disclosures if conditions
or events raise substantial doubt about the entitys ability to continue as a going concern. The ASU applies to all entities
and is effective for annual periods ending after December 15, 2016, and interim periods thereafter, with early adoption permitted
In
May 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Accounting Standards Update (ASU) No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts
with Customers. ASU 2014-09 is a comprehensive revenue recognition standard that will supersede nearly all existing revenue recognition
guidance under current U.S. GAAP and replace it with a principle based approach for determining revenue recognition. ASU 2014-09
will require that companies recognize revenue based on the value of transferred goods or services as they occur in the contract.
The ASU also will require additional disclosure about the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising
from customer contracts, including significant judgments and changes in judgments and assets recognized from costs incurred to
obtain or fulfill a contract. ASU 2014-09 is effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017. Early
adoption is permitted only in annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2016, including interim periods therein. Entities
will be able to transition to the standard either retrospectively or as a cumulative-effect adjustment as of the date of adoption.
The Company is in the process of evaluating the impact of ASU 2014-09 on the Companys financial statements and disclosures.In
February 2016, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update (ASU) No. 2016-02, Leases. ASU 2016-02 requires a lessee to record
a right of use asset and a corresponding lease liability on the balance sheet for all leases with terms longer than 12 months.
ASU 2016-02 is effective for all interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2018. Early adoption is permitted.
A modified retrospective transition approach is required for lessees for capital and operating leases existing at, or entered
into after, the beginning of the earliest comparative period presented in the financial statements, with certain practical expedients
available. The Company is in the process of evaluating the impact of ASU 2016-02 on the Companys financial statements and
disclosures.
Other
recent accounting pronouncements issued by the FASB, including its Emerging Issues Task Force, the American Institute of Certified
Public Accountants, and the Securities and Exchange Commission did not or are not believed by management to have a material impact
on the Company's present or future consolidated financial statement presentation or disclosures.
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v3.3.1.900
4. Property and Equipment (Tables)
|
12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2015 |
Property, Plant and Equipment [Abstract] |
|
Property and equipment |
| |
December 31, | |
| |
2015 | | |
2014 | |
| |
| | |
| |
Office equipment | |
$ | 65,051 | | |
$ | 65,051 | |
Furniture and fixtures | |
| 4,075 | | |
| 4,075 | |
Testing Equipment | |
| 12,914 | | |
| | |
Subtotal | |
| 82,040 | | |
| 69,126 | |
Less accumulated depreciation | |
| (60,242 | ) | |
| (47,180 | ) |
Total | |
$ | 21,798 | | |
$ | 21,946 | |
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v3.3.1.900
5. Convertible Notes and Warrants (Tables)
|
12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2015 |
Debt Disclosure [Abstract] |
|
Convertible Notes and Warrants |
| |
December 31, | |
| |
2015 | | |
2014 | |
| |
| | |
| |
Convertible note | |
$ | 321,024 | | |
$ | 244,640 | |
Interest | |
| 2,004 | | |
| | |
Subtotal | |
| 323,028 | | |
| 244,640 | |
Convertible note discount | |
| (100,833 | ) | |
| (105,542 | ) |
Total | |
$ | 222,195 | | |
$ | 139,098 | |
|
X |
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v3.3.1.900
8. Derivative Liability (Tables)
|
12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2015 |
Derivative Liability [Abstract] |
|
Schedule of derivative liabilities |
|
|
January
15 |
|
|
2013 |
Risk-free interest rate |
|
|
0.12% |
|
Expected volatility |
|
|
92% |
|
Expected life (in years) |
|
|
0.75 - 1.00 |
|
Expected dividend
yield |
|
|
0% |
|
Fair Value: |
|
|
|
|
2009 Warrants |
|
|
3,441,752 |
|
Total Fair Value |
|
$ |
3,441,752 |
|
|
X |
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v3.3.1.900
10. Stock Options and Warrants (Tables)
|
12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2015 |
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award, Options, Additional Disclosures [Abstract] |
|
Stock options outstanding |
| |
Weighted
Avg. Options | | |
Weighted
Avg. Exercise
Price | |
Options, January 1, 2013 | |
| 27,278,098 | | |
$ | 0.27 | |
Options granted | |
| 207,819 | | |
| 1.17 | |
Options exercised | |
| (115,000 | ) | |
| 0.60 | |
Options forfeited | |
| (7,061,009 | ) | |
| 0.25 | |
Options, December 31, 2013 | |
| 20,309,908 | | |
$ | 0.28 | |
Options granted | |
| 852,122 | | |
| 0.80 | |
Options exercised | |
| (20,000 | ) | |
| 0.30 | |
Options forfeited | |
| (90,000 | ) | |
| 0.91 | |
Options, December 31, 2014 | |
| 21,052,030 | | |
$ | 0.20 | |
Options granted | |
| 838,552 | | |
| 0.46 | |
Options exercised | |
| | | |
| | |
Options forfeited | |
| (355,434 | ) | |
| 0.72 | |
Options, December 31, 2015 | |
| 21,535,148 | | |
$ | 0.30 | |
|
Options outstanding by Per Share Price |
| | |
Outstanding Options | | |
Exercisable Options | |
Option Exercise
Price Per
Share | | |
Shares | | |
Life
(Years)
| | |
Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price
| | |
Shares | | |
Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price
| |
$ 0.21 - $ 0.99 | | |
| 21,343,280 | | |
| 5.2 | | |
$ | 0.29 | | |
| 20,408,283 | | |
$ | 0.29 | |
$ 1.00 - $ 1.99 | | |
| 191,868 | | |
| 4.2 | | |
$ | 1.22 | | |
| 263,229 | | |
$ | 1.20 | |
| | |
| 21,535,148 | | |
| | | |
$ | 0.30 | | |
| 20,671,512 | | |
$ | 0.30 | |
|
Assumptions |
|
|
Years
Ended |
|
|
2015 |
|
2014 |
|
2013 |
Expected life (years) |
|
5.0 5.5 |
|
|
1.5 5.5 |
|
|
1.5 5.5 |
|
Risk free interest
rate |
|
1.56
1.72 |
% |
|
0.12
1.70 |
% |
|
0.34
1.65 |
% |
Volatility |
|
106 121 |
% |
|
123 135 |
% |
|
127 130 |
% |
Expected dividend
yield |
|
0 |
% |
|
0 |
% |
|
0 |
% |
|
Warrants outstanding |
| |
Warrants | | |
Weighted
Avg. Exercise
Price | |
Warrants outstanding, January 1, 2013 | |
| 42,205,507 | | |
$ | 0.31 | |
Warrants granted | |
| 150,000 | | |
| 0.30 | |
Warrants exercised | |
| (29,037,389 | ) | |
| 0.29 | |
Warrants cancelled | |
| (1,554,152 | ) | |
| 0.33 | |
Warrants outstanding, December 31, 2013 | |
| 11,763,966 | | |
$ | 0.34 | |
Warrants granted | |
| 761,037 | | |
| 0.71 | |
Warrants exercised | |
| (4,690,947 | ) | |
| 0.30 | |
Warrants cancelled | |
| (2,141,969 | ) | |
| 0.46 | |
Warrants outstanding, December 31, 2014 | |
| 5,692,087 | | |
$ | 0.36 | |
Warrants granted | |
| 1,796,667 | | |
| 0.20 | |
Warrants exercised | |
| (200,000 | ) | |
| 0.25 | |
Warrants cancelled | |
| (2,877,087 | ) | |
| 0.36 | |
Warrants outstanding, December 31, 2015 | |
| 4,411,667 | | |
$ | 0.31 | |
|
Warrants outstanding by Per Share Price |
| | |
Outstanding Warrants | | |
Exercisable Warrants | |
Warrant Exercise
Price Per
Share | | |
Shares | | |
Life
(Years)
| | |
Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price
| | |
Shares | | |
Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price
| |
$ 0.25 - $ 0.99 | | |
| 4,291,667 | | |
| 3.2 | | |
$ | 0.36 | | |
| 4,291,667 | | |
$ | 0.34 | |
$ 1.00 - $ 1.99 | | |
| 120,000 | | |
| 0.0 | | |
$ | 1.01 | | |
| 120,000 | | |
$ | 1.01 | |
| | |
| 4,411,667 | | |
| | | |
$ | 0.38 | | |
| 4,411,667 | | |
$ | 0.35 | |
|
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v3.3.1.900
12. Income Taxes (Tables)
|
12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2015 |
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract] |
|
Reconciliation of income tax provision |
| |
December 31, | |
| |
2015 | | |
2014 | | |
2013 | |
Computed tax provision (benefit) at
federal statutory rate (34%) | |
$ | (1,065,000 | ) | |
$ | (1,133,000 | ) | |
$ | (1,993,000 | ) |
State income taxes, net of federal benefit | |
| (277,000 | ) | |
| (295,000 | ) | |
| (518,000 | ) |
Permanent items | |
| | | |
| | | |
| | |
Valuation allowance | |
| 1,342,800 | | |
| 1,428,800 | | |
| 2,511,800 | |
Income tax provision | |
$ | 800 | | |
$ | 800 | | |
$ | 800 | |
|
Net operating loss carryforwards |
| |
December
31, | |
| |
2015 | | |
2014 | |
Net operating loss carry forwards | |
| 21,000,000 | | |
| 19,600,000 | |
Valuation allowance | |
| (21,000,000 | ) | |
| (19,600,000 | ) |
Total deferred taxes net of valuation allowance | |
$ | | | |
$ | | |
|
X |
- DefinitionTabular disclosure of the components of income tax expense attributable to continuing operations for each year presented including, but not limited to: current tax expense (benefit), deferred tax expense (benefit), investment tax credits, government grants, the benefits of operating loss carryforwards, tax expense that results from allocating certain tax benefits either directly to contributed capital or to reduce goodwill or other noncurrent intangible assets of an acquired entity, adjustments of a deferred tax liability or asset for enacted changes in tax laws or rates or a change in the tax status of the entity, and adjustments of the beginning-of-the-year balances of a valuation allowance because of a change in circumstances that causes a change in judgment about the realizability of the related deferred tax asset in future years.
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v3.3.1.900
15. Quarterly Information (Tables)
|
12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2015 |
Quarterly Financial Information Disclosure [Abstract] |
|
Quarterly information |
| |
First | | |
Second | | |
Third | | |
Fourth | |
| |
Quarter | | |
Quarter | | |
Quarter | | |
Quarter | |
Year Ended December 31, 2015: | |
| | | |
| | | |
| | | |
| | |
Net sales | |
$ | | | |
$ | | | |
$ | | | |
$ | | |
Gross profit | |
$ | | | |
$ | | | |
$ | | | |
$ | | |
Net loss | |
$ | (1,174,337 | ) | |
$ | (1,542,944 | ) | |
$ | (825,797 | ) | |
$ | (685,876 | ) |
Loss per share, Basic and Diluted (1) | |
$ | (0.01 | ) | |
$ | (0.01 | ) | |
$ | (0.00 | ) | |
$ | (0.00 | ) |
| |
First | | |
Second | | |
Third | | |
Fourth | |
| |
Quarter | | |
Quarter | | |
Quarter | | |
Quarter | |
Year Ended December 31, 2014: | |
| | | |
| | | |
| | | |
| | |
Net sales | |
$ | | | |
$ | 60,000 | | |
$ | 180,000 | | |
$ | | |
Gross profit | |
$ | | | |
$ | 60,000 | | |
$ | 180,000 | | |
$ | | |
Net loss | |
$ | (1,403,474 | ) | |
$ | (1,008,392 | ) | |
$ | (715,774 | ) | |
$ | (878,695 | ) |
Loss per share, Basic and Diluted (1) | |
$ | (0.01 | ) | |
$ | (0.01 | ) | |
$ | (0.00 | ) | |
$ | (0.00 | ) |
| (1) | Per
share data was computed independently for each of the quarters presented. Therefore,
the sum of the quarterly per share information may not equal the annual income per share. |
|
X |
- DefinitionTabular disclosure of the quarterly financial data in the annual financial statements. The disclosure includes financial information for each fiscal quarter for the current and previous year, including revenues, gross profit, income (loss) before extraordinary items and cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle and earnings per share data.
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v3.3.1.900
16. Contractual Obligations (Tables)
|
12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2015 |
Contractual Obligations Tables |
|
Contractual Obligations |
Year ending | | |
Office | | |
Research and License | | |
Compensation | | |
Total | |
December 31, | | |
Lease (1) | | |
Agreements (2) | | |
Agreements (3) | | |
Obligations | |
| 2016 | | |
$ | 69,960 | | |
$ | 187,500 | | |
$ | 350,000 | | |
$ | 607,460 | |
| 2017 | | |
| 69,960 | | |
| 187,500 | | |
| 305,429 | | |
| 562,889 | |
| 2018 | | |
| 40,810 | | |
| 187,500 | | |
| 290,000 | | |
| 518,310 | |
| 2019 | | |
| | | |
| 187,500 | | |
| 54,375 | | |
| 241,875 | |
| 2020 | | |
| | | |
| 187,500 | | |
| | | |
| 187,500 | |
| Total | | |
$ | 180,730 | | |
$ | 937,500 | | |
$ | 999,804 | | |
$ | 2,118,034 | |
|
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v3.3.1.900
2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Details Narrative) - USD ($)
|
3 Months Ended |
12 Months Ended |
|
Dec. 31, 2015 |
Sep. 30, 2015 |
Jun. 30, 2015 |
Mar. 31, 2015 |
Dec. 31, 2014 |
Sep. 30, 2014 |
Jun. 30, 2014 |
Mar. 31, 2014 |
Dec. 31, 2015 |
Dec. 31, 2014 |
Dec. 31, 2013 |
Dec. 31, 2012 |
Net loss |
$ (685,876)
|
$ (825,797)
|
$ (1,542,944)
|
$ (1,174,337)
|
$ (878,695)
|
$ (715,774)
|
$ (1,008,392)
|
$ (1,403,474)
|
$ (4,228,954)
|
$ (4,006,335)
|
$ (10,657,009)
|
|
Cash flow from operations |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(2,595,457)
|
(3,527,695)
|
(5,912,368)
|
|
Stockholders' equity (deficiency) |
(782,220)
|
|
|
|
1,368,412
|
|
|
|
(782,220)
|
1,368,412
|
3,075,316
|
$ (2,897,520)
|
Cash on Hand |
$ 349,186
|
|
|
|
$ 2,247,557
|
|
|
|
349,186
|
2,247,557
|
4,137,068
|
$ 1,601,791
|
Impairment on long-lived assets |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
Research and development expenses |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
577,501
|
893,452
|
2,011,486
|
|
Patent costs |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ 53,044
|
$ 103,434
|
$ 144,326
|
|
Options [Member] |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Antidilutive shares excluded from loss per share |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
21,535,148
|
21,052,030
|
20,309,908
|
|
Warrants [Member] |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Antidilutive shares excluded from loss per share |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
4,411,667
|
5,692,087
|
11,763,966
|
|
Convertible Notes [Member] |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Antidilutive shares excluded from loss per share |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
509,667
|
0
|
0
|
|
X |
- DefinitionSecurities (including those issuable pursuant to contingent stock agreements) that could potentially dilute basic earnings per share (EPS) or earnings per unit (EPU) in the future that were not included in the computation of diluted EPS or EPU because to do so would increase EPS or EPU amounts or decrease loss per share or unit amounts for the period presented.
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3. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions (Details Narrative) - USD ($)
|
12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2015 |
Dec. 31, 2014 |
Dec. 31, 2013 |
Accounts payable to related parties |
$ 190,750
|
$ 259,507
|
|
Accrued unpaid salaries, vacation and payroll taxes |
114,661
|
178,468
|
|
Bonuses paid to officers included in general and administrative expenses |
0
|
0
|
$ 150,000
|
Consulting fees |
0
|
60,000
|
$ 60,000
|
Officer and Directors [Member] |
|
|
|
Accounts payable to related parties |
76,089
|
80,589
|
|
Former President |
|
|
|
Accrued unpaid salaries, vacation and payroll taxes |
$ 75,429
|
$ 135,429
|
|
X |
- DefinitionThe aggregate total of expenses of managing and administering the affairs of an entity, including affiliates of the reporting entity, which are not directly or indirectly associated with the manufacture, sale or creation of a product or product line.
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4. Property and Equipment (Details) - USD ($)
|
Dec. 31, 2015 |
Dec. 31, 2014 |
Property and equipment, gross |
$ 82,040
|
$ 69,126
|
Less: accumulated depreciation |
(60,242)
|
(47,180)
|
Property and equipment, net |
21,798
|
21,946
|
Office equipment [Member] |
|
|
Property and equipment, gross |
65,051
|
65,051
|
Furniture and fixtures [Member] |
|
|
Property and equipment, gross |
4,075
|
4,075
|
Testing equipment [Member] |
|
|
Property and equipment, gross |
$ 12,914
|
$ 0
|
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5. Convertible Notes and Warrants Convertible Notes and Warrants (Details) - USD ($)
|
Dec. 31, 2015 |
Dec. 31, 2014 |
Debt Disclosure [Abstract] |
|
|
Convertible note |
$ 321,024
|
$ 244,640
|
Interest |
2,004
|
0
|
Subtotal |
323,028
|
244,640
|
Convertible note discount |
(100,833)
|
(105,542)
|
Total convertible notes and warrants |
$ 222,195
|
$ 139,098
|
X |
- DefinitionThe portion of the carrying value of long-term convertible debt as of the balance sheet date that is scheduled to be repaid within one year or in the normal operating cycle if longer. Convertible debt is a financial instrument which can be exchanged for a specified amount of another security, typically the entity's common stock, at the option of the issuer or the holder.
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v3.3.1.900
5. Convertible Notes and Warrants (Details Narrative) - USD ($)
|
12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2015 |
Dec. 31, 2014 |
Dec. 31, 2013 |
Debt Disclosure [Abstract] |
|
|
|
Convertible notes issued |
$ 726,000
|
$ 280,390
|
|
Proceeds from convertible notes |
$ 660,000
|
$ 254,900
|
$ 0
|
Conversion price |
|
$ .48
|
|
Conversion price range |
$0.10 and $0.30
|
|
|
Original Issue Discount |
$ 696,945
|
$ 145,160
|
|
Convertible note gross |
323,028
|
244,640
|
|
Unamortized discount |
100,833
|
105,542
|
|
Convertible notes balance |
222,195
|
139,098
|
|
Debt converted during year |
$ 668,800
|
|
|
Debt converted, shares issued |
1,100,000
|
|
|
Interest expense |
$ 701,654
|
|
|
Accrued interest |
$ 2,004
|
$ 0
|
|
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v3.3.1.900
6. Research and Development (Details Narrative) - USD ($)
|
3 Months Ended |
12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2015 |
Sep. 30, 2015 |
Jun. 30, 2015 |
Mar. 31, 2015 |
Dec. 31, 2014 |
Sep. 30, 2014 |
Jun. 30, 2014 |
Mar. 31, 2014 |
Dec. 31, 2015 |
Dec. 31, 2014 |
Dec. 31, 2013 |
Research and Development Arrangement, Contract to Perform for Others [Line Items] |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Research and development expenses incurred |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ 577,501
|
$ 893,452
|
$ 2,011,486
|
Accounts payable - licensing agreement |
$ 590,001
|
|
|
|
$ 405,313
|
|
|
|
590,001
|
405,313
|
|
License revenue generated |
0
|
$ 0
|
$ 0
|
$ 0
|
0
|
$ 180,000
|
$ 60,000
|
$ 0
|
0
|
240,000
|
0
|
AOT and Joule Heat Product Development and Testing [Member] |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Research and Development Arrangement, Contract to Perform for Others [Line Items] |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Research and development expenses incurred |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
215,668
|
73,937
|
676,287
|
AOT Prototypes [Member] |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Research and Development Arrangement, Contract to Perform for Others [Line Items] |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Research and development expenses incurred |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
109,645
|
502,720
|
1,029,143
|
Temple University License Agreements [Member] |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Research and Development Arrangement, Contract to Perform for Others [Line Items] |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Research and development expenses incurred |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
187,500
|
187,500
|
187,500
|
Accounts payable - licensing agreement |
460,625
|
|
|
|
340,625
|
|
|
|
460,625
|
340,625
|
|
License revenue generated |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0
|
240,000
|
0
|
Royalty fees earned |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0
|
|
Temple University License Agreements [Member] | Accounts payable deferred [Member] |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Research and Development Arrangement, Contract to Perform for Others [Line Items] |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Accounts payable - licensing agreement |
165,125
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
165,125
|
|
|
Temple University License Agreements [Member] | Accounts payable past due [Member] |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Research and Development Arrangement, Contract to Perform for Others [Line Items] |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Accounts payable - licensing agreement |
295,500
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
295,500
|
|
|
Temple University Sponsored Research Agreement [Member] |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Research and Development Arrangement, Contract to Perform for Others [Line Items] |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Research and development expenses incurred |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
64,688
|
129,295
|
$ 118,556
|
Accounts payable - licensing agreement |
129,377
|
|
|
|
$ 64,688
|
|
|
|
129,377
|
$ 64,688
|
|
Temple University Sponsored Research Agreement [Member] | Accounts payable past due [Member] |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Research and Development Arrangement, Contract to Perform for Others [Line Items] |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Accounts payable - licensing agreement |
$ 129,377
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ 129,377
|
|
|
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9. Common Stock Transactions (Details Narrative) - USD ($)
|
12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2015 |
Dec. 31, 2014 |
Dec. 31, 2013 |
Common stock issued upon conversion, value |
$ 668,800
|
|
|
Common stock issued for services, value |
|
|
$ 49,000
|
Common stock issued as settlement, value |
$ 0
|
$ 0
|
$ 3,108,347
|
CEDE & Co [Member] |
|
|
|
Common stock issued as settlement, shares issued |
|
|
3,047,403
|
Common stock issued as settlement, value |
|
|
$ 3,108,347
|
Employees, Officers, Board Members, Consultant [Member] |
|
|
|
Common stock issued for services, shares issued |
|
|
375,455
|
Common stock issued for services, value |
|
|
$ 419,113
|
Convertible Notes converted [Member] |
|
|
|
Common stock issued upon conversion, shares issued |
2,603,333
|
74,480
|
|
Common stock issued upon conversion, value |
$ 668,800
|
$ 35,750
|
|
Exercise of Warrants [Member] |
|
|
|
Common stock issued upon exercise of warrants, shares issued |
200,000
|
|
|
Proceeds from exercise of warrants |
$ 50,000
|
|
|
Exercise of Options and Warrants [Member] |
|
|
|
Common stock issued upon conversion, shares issued |
|
4,710,947
|
29,152,389
|
Common stock issued upon conversion, value |
|
$ 1,413,284
|
|
Proceeds from exercise of options and warrants |
|
$ 1,413,284
|
$ 8,477,218
|
Common Stock [Member] |
|
|
|
Common stock issued new, shares |
2,803,333
|
4,785,427
|
32,575,247
|
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v3.3.1.900
10. Stock Options and Warrants (Details-Options Outstanding) - Options [Member] - $ / shares
|
12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2015 |
Dec. 31, 2014 |
Dec. 31, 2013 |
Beginning Balance |
21,052,030
|
20,309,308
|
27,278,098
|
Granted |
838,552
|
852,122
|
207,819
|
Exercised |
0
|
(20,000)
|
(115,000)
|
Forfeited |
(355,434)
|
(90,000)
|
(7,061,009)
|
Ending Balance |
21,535,148
|
21,052,030
|
20,309,308
|
Weighted Average Exercise Price, Outstanding Beginning Balance |
$ 0.20
|
$ 0.28
|
$ 0.27
|
Weighted Average Exercise Price, Granted |
$ .46
|
0.80
|
1.17
|
Weighted Average Exercise Price, Exercised |
|
0.30
|
0.60
|
Weighted Average Exercise Price, Forfeited |
$ .72
|
0.91
|
0.25
|
Weighted Average Exercise Price, Outstanding Ending Balance |
$ .30
|
$ 0.20
|
$ 0.28
|
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v3.3.1.900
10. Stock Options and Warrants (Details-Options by Exercise Price Per Share) - Options [Member] - $ / shares
|
12 Months Ended |
|
|
|
Dec. 31, 2015 |
Dec. 31, 2014 |
Dec. 31, 2013 |
Dec. 31, 2012 |
Outstanding Options |
|
|
|
|
Options outstanding |
21,535,148
|
21,052,030
|
20,309,308
|
27,278,098
|
Weighted Average Exercise Price, options outstanding |
$ .30
|
$ 0.20
|
$ 0.28
|
$ 0.27
|
Exercisable Options |
|
|
|
|
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20,671,512
|
|
|
|
Weighted Average Exercise Price, options exercisable |
$ .30
|
|
|
|
$ 0.21 - $ 0.99 [Member] |
|
|
|
|
Outstanding Options |
|
|
|
|
Options outstanding |
21,343,280
|
|
|
|
Life (Years), options outstanding |
5 years 2 months 12 days
|
|
|
|
Weighted Average Exercise Price, options outstanding |
$ .29
|
|
|
|
Exercisable Options |
|
|
|
|
Options exercisable |
20,408,283
|
|
|
|
Weighted Average Exercise Price, options exercisable |
$ .29
|
|
|
|
$ 1.00 - $ 1.99 [Member] |
|
|
|
|
Outstanding Options |
|
|
|
|
Options outstanding |
191,868
|
|
|
|
Life (Years), options outstanding |
4 years 2 months 12 days
|
|
|
|
Weighted Average Exercise Price, options outstanding |
$ 1.22
|
|
|
|
Exercisable Options |
|
|
|
|
Options exercisable |
263,229
|
|
|
|
Weighted Average Exercise Price, options exercisable |
$ 1.20
|
|
|
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v3.3.1.900
10. Stock Options and Warrants (Details-Warrants Outstanding) - Warrants [Member] - $ / shares
|
12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2015 |
Dec. 31, 2014 |
Dec. 31, 2013 |
Beginning Balance |
5,692,087
|
11,763,966
|
42,205,507
|
Granted |
1,796,667
|
761,037
|
150,000
|
Exercised |
(200,000)
|
(4,690,947)
|
(29,037,389)
|
Cancelled |
(2,877,087)
|
(2,141,969)
|
(1,554,152)
|
Ending Balance |
4,411,667
|
5,692,087
|
11,763,966
|
Weighted Average Exercise Price, Outstanding Beginning Balance |
$ 0.36
|
$ 0.34
|
$ 0.31
|
Weighted Average Exercise Price, Granted |
0.20
|
.71
|
0.30
|
Weighted Average Exercise Price, Exercised |
0.25
|
.30
|
.29
|
Weighted Average Exercise Price, Cancelled |
0.36
|
.46
|
0.33
|
Weighted Average Exercise Price, Outstanding Ending Balance |
$ 0.31
|
$ 0.36
|
$ 0.34
|
X |
- DefinitionExercise price per share or per unit of warrants or rights outstanding.
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v3.3.1.900
10. Stock Options and Warrants (Details-Warrant Exercise Price per Share) - Warrants [Member] - $ / shares
|
12 Months Ended |
|
|
|
Dec. 31, 2015 |
Dec. 31, 2014 |
Dec. 31, 2013 |
Dec. 31, 2012 |
Outstanding Warrants |
|
|
|
|
Warrants outstanding |
4,411,667
|
5,692,087
|
11,763,966
|
42,205,507
|
Weighted Average Exercise Price, warrants outstanding |
$ .38
|
|
|
|
Exercisable Warrants |
|
|
|
|
Warrants exercisable |
4,411,667
|
|
|
|
Weighted Average Exercise Price, warrants exercisable |
$ 0.35
|
|
|
|
$ 0.25 - $ 0.99 [Member] |
|
|
|
|
Outstanding Warrants |
|
|
|
|
Warrants outstanding |
4,291,667
|
|
|
|
Weighted Average Exercise Price, warrants outstanding |
$ .36
|
|
|
|
Exercisable Warrants |
|
|
|
|
Warrants exercisable |
4,291,667
|
|
|
|
Weighted Average Exercise Price, warrants exercisable |
$ 0.34
|
|
|
|
$1.00 - $1.99 [Member] |
|
|
|
|
Outstanding Warrants |
|
|
|
|
Warrants outstanding |
120,000
|
|
|
|
Life (Years), warrants outstanding |
0 years
|
|
|
|
Weighted Average Exercise Price, warrants outstanding |
$ 1.01
|
|
|
|
Exercisable Warrants |
|
|
|
|
Warrants exercisable |
120,000
|
|
|
|
Weighted Average Exercise Price, warrants exercisable |
$ 1.01
|
|
|
|
$ 0.25 - $ 0.99 [Member] |
|
|
|
|
Outstanding Warrants |
|
|
|
|
Life (Years), warrants outstanding |
3 years 2 months 12 days
|
|
|
|
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v3.3.1.900
10. Stock options and Warrants (Details Narrative) - USD ($)
|
12 Months Ended |
|
Dec. 31, 2015 |
Dec. 31, 2014 |
Dec. 31, 2013 |
Dec. 31, 2012 |
Options [Member] |
|
|
|
|
Aggregate intrinsic value of options outstanding |
$ 34,000
|
|
|
|
Options granted, shares |
838,552
|
852,122
|
207,819
|
|
Fair value of options at grant date |
$ 323,787
|
|
|
|
Options cancelled or forfeited |
355,434
|
90,000
|
7,061,009
|
|
Options exercised |
0
|
20,000
|
115,000
|
|
Options outstanding |
21,535,148
|
21,052,030
|
20,309,308
|
27,278,098
|
Proceeds from exercise of options |
|
$ 6,000
|
$ 19,500
|
|
Compensation costs recognized |
$ 323,787
|
295,884
|
|
|
Compensation costs amortized |
$ 366,266
|
$ 376,247
|
$ 403,127
|
|
Weighted average fair value for options granted |
$ 0.39
|
$ .96
|
$ .30
|
|
Options [Member] | Employees and Directors |
|
|
|
|
Options granted, shares |
838,552
|
852,122
|
|
|
Fair value of options at grant date |
$ 454,999
|
|
|
|
Options [Member] | Employees, Officers, Board Members, Consultant [Member] |
|
|
|
|
Options granted, shares |
|
|
207,819
|
|
Fair value of options at grant date |
|
|
$ 201,000
|
|
Compensation costs recognized |
|
|
$ 101,157
|
|
Options [Member] | Officer [Member] |
|
|
|
|
Options cancelled or forfeited |
|
|
7,040,000
|
|
Warrants [Member] |
|
|
|
|
Compensation costs amortized |
$ 38,524
|
$ 20,950
|
$ 52,314
|
|
Warrants exercised |
200,000
|
4,690,947
|
29,037,389
|
|
Proceeds from warrants exercised |
$ 50,000
|
$ 1,377,284
|
$ 8,408,718
|
|
Warrants granted |
1,796,667
|
761,037
|
150,000
|
|
Fair value of warrants granted |
|
|
$ 129,622
|
|
Warrants [Member] | Convertible Notes [Member] |
|
|
|
|
Warrants granted |
|
146,037
|
|
|
Warrants [Member] | Consultants [Member] |
|
|
|
|
Warrants granted |
|
315,000
|
|
|
Fair value of warrants granted |
|
$ 20,950
|
|
|
Warrants [Member] | Consultant A [Member] |
|
|
|
|
Compensation costs amortized |
|
$ 21,000
|
|
|
Warrants granted |
|
300,000
|
|
|
Warrants [Member] | Employees, Directors and Consultants [Member] |
|
|
|
|
Compensation costs amortized |
|
$ 16,645
|
|
|
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12. Income Taxes (Details-Reconciliation of Income Tax) - USD ($)
|
12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2015 |
Dec. 31, 2014 |
Dec. 31, 2013 |
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract] |
|
|
|
Federal tax rate |
34.00%
|
|
|
Computed tax provision (benefit) at federal statutory rate (34%) |
$ (1,065,000)
|
$ (1,133,000)
|
$ (1,993,000)
|
State income taxes, net of federal benefit |
(277,000)
|
(295,000)
|
(518,000)
|
Permanent items |
0
|
0
|
0
|
Valuation allowance |
1,342,800
|
1,428,800
|
2,511,800
|
Income tax provision |
$ 800
|
$ 800
|
$ 800
|
v3.3.1.900
12. Income Taxes (Details-Deferred tax assets) - USD ($)
|
Dec. 31, 2015 |
Dec. 31, 2014 |
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract] |
|
|
Net operating loss carryforwards |
$ 21,000,000
|
$ 19,600,000
|
Valuation allowance |
(21,000,000)
|
(19,600,000)
|
Total deferred taxes net of valuation allowance |
$ 0
|
$ 0
|
X |
- DefinitionAmount after allocation of valuation allowances of deferred tax asset attributable to deductible temporary differences and carryforwards.
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15. Quarterly Information (Details) - USD ($)
|
3 Months Ended |
12 Months Ended |
Dec. 31, 2015 |
Sep. 30, 2015 |
Jun. 30, 2015 |
Mar. 31, 2015 |
Dec. 31, 2014 |
Sep. 30, 2014 |
Jun. 30, 2014 |
Mar. 31, 2014 |
Dec. 31, 2015 |
Dec. 31, 2014 |
Dec. 31, 2013 |
Quarterly Financial Information Disclosure [Abstract] |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Revenues |
$ 0
|
|
$ 0
|
|
$ 0
|
|
$ 0
|
|
$ 0
|
|
$ 180,000
|
|
$ 60,000
|
|
$ 0
|
|
$ 0
|
$ 240,000
|
$ 0
|
Gross profit |
0
|
|
0
|
|
0
|
|
0
|
|
0
|
|
180,000
|
|
60,000
|
|
0
|
|
|
|
|
Net loss |
$ (685,876)
|
|
$ (825,797)
|
|
$ (1,542,944)
|
|
$ (1,174,337)
|
|
$ (878,695)
|
|
$ (715,774)
|
|
$ (1,008,392)
|
|
$ (1,403,474)
|
|
$ (4,228,954)
|
$ (4,006,335)
|
$ (10,657,009)
|
Income per shares, Basic and Diluted (1) |
$ 0.00
|
[1] |
$ 0.00
|
[1] |
$ (.01)
|
[1] |
$ (.01)
|
[1] |
$ 0.00
|
[1] |
$ (.00)
|
[1] |
$ (.00)
|
[1] |
$ (.01)
|
[1] |
$ (.02)
|
$ (0.02)
|
$ (0.07)
|
|
|
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v3.3.1.900
16. Contractual Obligations (Details)
|
Dec. 31, 2015
USD ($)
|
Year ending 2016 |
$ 607,460
|
|
Year ending 2017 |
562,889
|
|
Year ending 2018 |
518,310
|
|
Year ending 2019 |
241,875
|
|
Year ending 2020 |
187,500
|
|
Total obligations |
2,118,034
|
|
Office lease |
|
|
Year ending 2016 |
69,960
|
[1] |
Year ending 2017 |
69,960
|
[1] |
Year ending 2018 |
40,810
|
[1] |
Year ending 2019 |
0
|
|
Year ending 2020 |
0
|
|
Total obligations |
180,730
|
[1] |
Research and License Agreements |
|
|
Year ending 2016 |
187,500
|
[2] |
Year ending 2017 |
187,500
|
[2] |
Year ending 2018 |
187,500
|
[2] |
Year ending 2019 |
187,500
|
[2] |
Year ending 2020 |
187,500
|
[2] |
Total obligations |
937,500
|
[2] |
Compensation Agreements |
|
|
Year ending 2016 |
350,000
|
[3] |
Year ending 2017 |
305,429
|
[3] |
Year ending 2018 |
290,000
|
[3] |
Year ending 2019 |
54,375
|
[3] |
Year ending 2020 |
0
|
|
Total obligations |
$ 999,804
|
[3] |
|
|
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v3.3.1.900
17. Subsequent Events (Details Narrative) - USD ($)
|
2 Months Ended |
12 Months Ended |
Mar. 15, 2016 |
Dec. 31, 2015 |
Dec. 31, 2014 |
Dec. 31, 2013 |
Proceeds from convertible notes |
|
$ 660,000
|
$ 254,900
|
$ 0
|
Original issue discount |
|
$ 696,945
|
$ 145,160
|
|
Subsequent Event [Member] |
|
|
|
|
Convertible notes issued |
$ 390,610
|
|
|
|
Proceeds from convertible notes |
355,100
|
|
|
|
Original issue discount |
$ 390,610
|
|
|
|
Convertible notes converted, shares issued |
3,029,050
|
|
|
|
Convertible notes converted, value |
$ 302,905
|
|
|
|
X |
- DefinitionThe value of the stock converted in a noncash (or part noncash) transaction. Noncash is defined as transactions during a period that do not result in cash receipts or cash payments in the period. "Part noncash" refers to that portion of the transaction not resulting in cash receipts or cash payments in the period.
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